Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic.
Pest Manag Sci. 2010 Jun;66(6):596-611. doi: 10.1002/ps.1914.
Following the discovery of pesticides in wells, the Hawaii Department of Agriculture (HDOA) supported research to evaluate the likelihood of pesticide leaching to the groundwater in Hawaii. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative leaching pattern of five pesticides at five different sites on three islands and to compare their leaching behavior with bromide and a reference chemical (atrazine) that is known to leach in Hawaiian conditions. Laboratory measurements of sorption and degradation of the pesticides were made.
Most of the applied mass of pesticides was still present in the top 80 cm after the 16 week study period. The aggregated oxisol at Kunia showed the most intensive leaching among the five sites. The revised attenuation factor screening approach used by the HDOA indicated that all chemicals, with the exception of trifloxystrobin, had the potential to leach. Similarly, the groundwater ubiquity score ranked trifloxystrobin as a non-leacher. The field leaching data, however, suggested that trifloxystrobin was the most mobile compound among the pesticides tested.
Although the results were variable among the sites, the field and laboratory experiments provided useful information for regulating use of these pesticides in Hawaii.
在发现井水受到农药污染后，夏威夷农业部（HDOA）支持开展了一项研究，以评估农药在夏威夷地下水中淋滤的可能性。本研究的目的是评估五种农药在三个岛屿的五个不同地点的相对淋滤模式，并将其淋滤行为与溴化物和一种已知在夏威夷条件下淋滤的参比化学物质（莠去津）进行比较。实验室测量了农药的吸附和降解情况。
在 16 周的研究期结束后，大部分施用量的农药仍存在于 80 厘米深的表层土壤中。在五个地点中，库尼亚的聚合氧化土表现出最强烈的淋滤现象。夏威夷农业部采用的修正衰减因子筛选方法表明，除三氟羧草醚外，所有化学物质都有可能淋滤。同样，地下水普遍存在评分将三氟羧草醚列为非淋滤物质。然而，田间淋滤数据表明，三氟羧草醚是测试的农药中最具迁移性的化合物。
尽管各地点的结果存在差异，但田间和实验室实验为监管这些农药在夏威夷的使用提供了有用的信息。
