Haffajee Anne D, Roberts Christine, Murray Lora, Veiga Nancy, Martin Lynn, Teles Ricardo P, Letteri Marie, Socransky Sigmund S
Department of Periodontology, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
J Clin Dent. 2009;20(7):211-7.
The purpose of the present investigation was to determine if antimicrobial mouthrinses with different formulations could affect the composition of the subgingival microbiota and clinical parameters of adjacent tissues in periodontal maintenance subjects.
One-hundred and sixteen subjects, who had been treated for chronic periodontitis and were in a maintenance program, were randomly assigned one of four mouthrinses, to be used twice daily for three months. The mouthrinses were herbal 1, herbal 2, essential oil, and chlorhexidine. Clinical measurements and subgingival plaque samples were taken at baseline and at three months. Plaque samples were individually evaluated for 18 test species/taxa using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Significance of differences between baseline and three months for both microbiological and clinical parameters were determined using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. Significance of difference among groups for change in clinical and microbiological parameters was determined using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), adjusting for baseline values.
Shifts in species proportions differed significantly for 9/18 test species/taxa among the four mouthrinse groups. Streptococcus and Capnocytophaga species were reduced most in the herbal rinse groups, while Veillonella parvula was reduced most in the essential oil and chlorhexidine groups. Actinomyces were also markedly reduced in the chlorhexidine group. Mean Plaque (PI) and Gingival Indices (GI) were reduced between baseline and three months in each group. Results emphasize that chlorhexidine (p < 0.001) and herbal (p < 0.05) rinses significantly reduced PI. Some subjects in each group responded better than others.
All four mouthrinses tested produced shifts in the composition of subgingival microbiota, although the results differed among the groups. The observed microbial changes were accompanied by improvements in clinical parameters in the periodontal maintenance subjects.
本研究旨在确定不同配方的抗菌漱口水是否会影响牙周维护期受试者龈下微生物群的组成以及相邻组织的临床参数。
116名曾接受慢性牙周炎治疗且处于维护期的受试者被随机分配使用四种漱口水之一，每天使用两次，共三个月。漱口水分别为草本1、草本2、精油和洗必泰。在基线和三个月时进行临床测量并采集龈下菌斑样本。使用棋盘式DNA-DNA杂交对菌斑样本中的18种测试菌种/分类群进行单独评估。使用Wilcoxon符号秩检验确定微生物学和临床参数在基线和三个月之间差异的显著性。使用协方差分析（ANCOVA）并根据基线值进行调整，确定各漱口水组在临床和微生物学参数变化方面的差异显著性。
在四种漱口水组中，18种测试菌种/分类群中有9种的菌种比例变化存在显著差异。链球菌和二氧化碳嗜纤维菌在草本漱口水组中减少最多，而小韦荣球菌在精油和洗必泰组中减少最多。放线菌在洗必泰组中也显著减少。每组的平均菌斑指数（PI）和牙龈指数（GI）在基线和三个月之间均有所降低。结果表明，洗必泰（p < 0.001）和草本漱口水（p < 0.05）能显著降低PI。每组中一些受试者的反应比其他受试者更好。
所有四种测试漱口水均使龈下微生物群的组成发生了变化，尽管各漱口水组的结果有所不同。在牙周维护期受试者中，观察到的微生物变化伴随着临床参数的改善。
