Unemoto T, Hayashi M, Terao K
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1977 Dec 22;500(2):425-31. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(77)90033-2.
High concentration (1.0 M) of KSCN, but not of NaSCN, induced lysis of slightly halophilic Vibrio alginolyticus and moderately halophilic Vibrio costicolus, and the decrease in absorbance of the cell suspension was complete after 30 min at 25 degrees C. Replacement of K+ with Na+ effectively prevented the lysis by SCN-.K+ salts of NO3-, Br- and I-, however, induced no significant lysis. In electron micrographs, a prolonged exposure of the cells of V. alginolyticus to 1.0 M KSCN displaced the nucleoplasm to maintain close contact with the cell membranes. After 40 min of interaction, 50% of the cellular protein, 96% of RNA and 94% of DNA were recovered in the lysed cells. In contrast to lysis in hypotonic conditions, the lysis induced by KSCN is due mainly to a partial release of protein from the cells. V. costicolus was more susceptible to SCN- than V. alginolyticus, whereas nonhalophilic Escherichia coli was resistant to 1.0 M KSCN. Thus, lysis by SCN- is characteristic of halophilic bacteria and cell membranes of more halophilic bacteria are more susceptible to chaotropic anions. The protective effect of Na+ observed here was considered to be manifested by specific interactions of Na+ with components of cell membranes, thereby rendering their structures resistant to the action of chaotropic anions.
高浓度（1.0 M）的硫氰酸钾（KSCN）可诱导嗜盐性稍弱的溶藻弧菌和嗜盐性中等的肋生弧菌发生裂解，但硫氰酸钠（NaSCN）则无此作用。在25℃下30分钟后，细胞悬液的吸光度降低完全。用Na⁺替代K⁺可有效防止SCN⁻诱导的裂解。然而，硝酸钾（KNO₃）、溴化钾（KBr）和碘化钾（KI）的钾盐不会引起明显的裂解。在电子显微镜照片中，溶藻弧菌细胞长时间暴露于1.0 M KSCN会使核质移位，使其与细胞膜保持紧密接触。相互作用40分钟后，裂解细胞中回收了50%的细胞蛋白、96%的RNA和94%的DNA。与低渗条件下的裂解不同，KSCN诱导的裂解主要是由于细胞中蛋白质的部分释放。肋生弧菌比溶藻弧菌对SCN⁻更敏感，而嗜盐性较弱的大肠杆菌对1.0 M KSCN具有抗性。因此，SCN⁻诱导的裂解是嗜盐细菌的特征，嗜盐性更强的细菌的细胞膜对离液序列高的阴离子更敏感。此处观察到的Na⁺的保护作用被认为是通过Na⁺与细胞膜成分的特异性相互作用而表现出来的，从而使其结构对离液序列高的阴离子的作用具有抗性。
