Cereatti A, Margheritini F, Donati M, Cappozzo A
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b 07100, Sassari, Italy.
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2010 Feb;92(2):311-4. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.92B2.22625.
The human acetabulofemoral joint is commonly modelled as a pure ball-and-socket joint, but there has been no quantitative assessment of this assumption in the literature. Our aim was to test the limits and validity of this hypothesis. We performed experiments on four adult cadavers. Cortical pins, each equipped with a marker cluster, were implanted in the pelvis and the femur. Movements were recorded using stereophotogrammetry while an operator rotated the cadaver's acetabulofemoral joint, exploiting the widest possible range of movement. The functional consistency of the acetabulofemoral joint as a pure spherical joint was assessed by comparing the magnitude of the translations of the hip joint centre as obtained on cadavers, with the centre of rotation of two metal segments linked through a perfectly spherical hinge. The results showed that the radii of the spheres containing 95% of the positions of the estimated centres of rotation were separated by less than 1 mm for both the acetabulofemoral joint and the mechanical spherical hinge. Therefore, the acetabulofemoral joint can be modelled as a spherical joint within the considered range of movement (flexion/extension 20 degrees to 70 degrees ; abduction/adduction 0 degrees to 45 degrees ; internal/external rotation 0 degrees to 30 degrees ).
人类髋臼股骨关节通常被建模为一个单纯的球窝关节，但文献中尚未对这一假设进行定量评估。我们的目的是测试这一假设的局限性和有效性。我们对四具成年尸体进行了实验。在骨盆和股骨中植入了带有标记簇的皮质针。当一名操作人员旋转尸体的髋臼股骨关节以利用尽可能大的运动范围时，使用立体摄影测量法记录运动。通过比较在尸体上获得的髋关节中心平移量与通过完美球形铰链连接的两个金属段的旋转中心，评估髋臼股骨关节作为纯球形关节的功能一致性。结果表明，对于髋臼股骨关节和机械球形铰链，包含估计旋转中心95%位置的球体半径相差不到1毫米。因此，在考虑的运动范围内（屈伸20度至70度；外展/内收0度至45度；内旋/外旋0度至30度），髋臼股骨关节可以被建模为球形关节。
