NIHR School for Primary Care Research, Department of Community Based Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol.
Br J Gen Pract. 2010 Feb;60(571):121-8. doi: 10.3399/bjgp10X483175.
Around a quarter of those in the developed world die of cancer. Most cancers present to primary care with symptoms, even when there is a screening test for the particular cancer. However, the symptoms of cancer are also symptoms of benign disease, and the GP has to judge whether cancer is a possible explanation. Very little research examined this process until relatively recently. This review paper examines the process of primary care diagnosis, especially the selection of patients for rapid investigation. It concentrates on the four commonest UK cancers: breast, lung, colon, and prostate as these have been the subject of most recent studies.
发达国家约有四分之一的人死于癌症。即使针对特定癌症有筛查测试，大多数癌症仍以症状表现为首发于初级保健。然而，癌症的症状也是良性疾病的症状，全科医生必须判断癌症是否是可能的病因。直到最近，才有相对较少的研究来考察这一过程。本文综述考察了初级保健诊断的过程，尤其是为快速检查选择患者的过程。它主要关注英国最常见的四种癌症：乳腺癌、肺癌、结肠癌和前列腺癌，因为这些癌症是最近研究的主要对象。
