Dept. of Geology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria.
J Environ Manage. 2010 May;91(5):1103-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.12.008. Epub 2010 Feb 4.
Vulnerability assessment to delineate areas that are more susceptible to contamination from anthropogenic sources has become an important element for sensible resource management and landuse planning. This contribution aims at estimating aquifer vulnerability by applying the RISKE model in Banyas Catchment Area (BCA), Tartous Prefecture, west Syria. An additional objective is to demonstrate the combined use of the RISKE model and a geographical information system (GIS) as an effective method for groundwater pollution risk assessment. The RISKE model uses five environmental parameters (Rock of aquifer media, Infiltration, Soil media, Karst, and Epikarst) to characterize the hydro-geological setting and evaluate aquifer vulnerability. The elevated eastern and low western part of the study area was dominated by high vulnerability classes, while the middle part was characterized by moderate vulnerability classes. Based on the vulnerability analysis, it was found that 2% and 39% of BCA is under low and high vulnerability to groundwater contamination, respectively, while more than 52% and 5% of the area of BCA can be designated as an area of moderate and very high vulnerability to groundwater contamination, respectively. The GIS technique has provided an efficient environment for analyses and high capabilities of handling a large amount of spatial data.
脆弱性评估划定了更容易受到人为污染源污染的区域，这已成为合理资源管理和土地利用规划的重要内容。本研究旨在通过在叙利亚西部塔尔图斯省巴尼亚斯流域（BCA）应用 RISKE 模型来评估含水层脆弱性。另一个目的是展示 RISKE 模型和地理信息系统（GIS）的组合使用是地下水污染风险评估的有效方法。RISKE 模型使用五个环境参数（含水层介质的岩石、入渗、土壤介质、喀斯特和表生带）来描述水文地质背景并评估含水层脆弱性。研究区地势较高的东部和地势较低的西部主要为高脆弱性区，而中部则以中等脆弱性区为特征。根据脆弱性分析，发现 BCA 的 2%和 39%分别处于地下水污染的低和高脆弱性，而 BCA 的 52%以上和 5%的区域分别可被指定为地下水污染的中等和极高脆弱性区域。GIS 技术为分析提供了高效的环境和处理大量空间数据的高能力。
