Institute of Medical Biophysics, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia.
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2009 Nov;60 Suppl 5:99-104.
Aspiration reflexes (AspRs) manifesting as reflex spasmodic inspirations and their effects on motor pattern of tracheobronchial cough and reflex apnea were studied on 22 spontaneously breathing pentobarbitone-anesthetized cats. AspRs induced during cough inspiration enhanced peak inspiratory (P<0.01) and expiratory (P<0.02) esophageal pressures, amplitudes of diaphragm (P<0.01) and abdominal muscles (P<0.05) EMG activity, and prolonged the entire expiratory period (P<0.01) and total cycle duration (P<0.05) of cough. Transient inhibitions and splits of cough expiration frequently occurred with AspR within active cough expiratory period; however, cough spatiotemporal characteristics were not altered significantly. Sub-threshold nasopharyngeal stimulation failing to provoke AspR had no significant effects on coughing. Hering-Breuer inflation apnea was moderately prolonged by AspRs (20%; P<0.05), unlike the apnea produced by continual mechanical laryngeal stimulation. AspRs are inducible during tested behaviors interacting with their motor pattern. Central mechanisms involving pulmonary stretch receptor stimulation is suggested for modulation of cough and inflation apnea by AspR.
在 22 只自发呼吸戊巴比妥钠麻醉的猫中，研究了表现为反射性痉挛性吸气的吸入反射（AspRs）及其对气管支气管咳嗽和反射性呼吸暂停的运动模式的影响。咳嗽吸气过程中诱发的 AspRs 增强了吸气（P<0.01）和呼气（P<0.02）食管压力、膈（P<0.01）和腹肌（P<0.05）EMG 活动的幅度，延长了整个呼气期（P<0.01）和咳嗽的总周期时间（P<0.05）。在主动咳嗽呼气期内，AspR 内常发生咳嗽呼气的短暂抑制和分裂；然而，咳嗽的时空特征没有明显改变。未能引起 AspR 的阈下鼻咽刺激对咳嗽没有显著影响。AspRs 适度延长了 Hering-Breuer 充气性呼吸暂停（20%；P<0.05），与持续机械性喉刺激产生的呼吸暂停不同。AspRs 在测试行为中是可诱导的，与它们的运动模式相互作用。提示 AspR 通过刺激肺牵张感受器来调节咳嗽和充气性呼吸暂停的中枢机制。
