新生儿重症监护病房的医院感染：特征、危险因素评估和药敏谱。
Nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units: profile, risk factor assessment and antibiogram.
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
出版信息
Indian J Pediatr. 2010 Jan;77(1):37-9. doi: 10.1007/s12098-010-0005-5. Epub 2010 Feb 5.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the profile and risk factors of neonatal nosocomial infections and determine the antibiotic susceptibilities of these isolates.
METHODS
Cohort study was conducted at Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, from July 2005 to September 2006. Neonates admitted for more than forty-eight hours in the NICU, who developed infections/sepsis as evidenced by the clinical findings were included in the study. Chi-square test, Proportion tests were used, P value of <0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS
Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella species and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were the predominant nosocomial pathogens. Significant risk factors included prematurity, low birth weight and increased duration of hospital stay.
CONCLUSION
A revised infection control program with emphasis on handwashing techniques and antibiotic cycling helped to control these hospital infections.
目的
确定新生儿医院感染的特征和危险因素，并确定这些分离株的抗生素敏感性。
方法
这是一项在 2005 年 7 月至 2006 年 9 月期间于芒格洛尔卡斯特巴医疗学院进行的队列研究。将在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）住院超过 48 小时、出现感染/败血症临床证据的新生儿纳入研究。采用卡方检验、比例检验，P 值<0.05 被认为有统计学意义。
结果
产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的肺炎克雷伯菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是主要的医院病原体。显著的危险因素包括早产、低出生体重和住院时间延长。
结论
修订感染控制方案，强调洗手技术和抗生素轮换，有助于控制这些医院感染。
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