Lin Xiang-hua, Wang Zi-yun, Lin Ying, Cong Ze, Liu Yong-quan, Wu Qi, Wan Ling, Wang Xiu-rong, Du Xiao-ning, Cai Yuan-yuan, Wang Hong-bo, Shi Fu-li, Di Jiang-li, Li Li-juan, Tao Yong-xian
The Bureau for Health Inspection and Supervision of Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2009 Oct;43(10):880-4.
To investigate the health care status of female workers exposed to occupational hazards in Haidian district of Beijing and improve the labor protection of female workers.
A questionnaire provided by National Center for Women and Children's Health of Chinese CDC was used in the survey conducted to collect information about health care status of female workers in 141 factories with occupational hazards including chemical poisons and physical factors (noise, libration, microwave, high frequency and low temperature).
141 factories were investigated, including 53 state-owned enterprises, 21 collective enterprises, 46 joint-stock enterprises, and 21 non-public enterprises. 12 251 female workers were surveyed, 10.19% (1249/12 251) of whom were exposed to occupational hazards. Of 141 factories studied, 16.31% (23/141) had no labor protection management organization.27.66% (39/141) did not provide pre-employment physical examination service to female workers.48.94% (69/141) didn't establish labor protection system for female workers in menstrual period. While, 21.28% (30/141) of the studied institutes deducted some salaries in the pregnancy, and 32.62% (46/141) deducted their wages during the puerperal period. 2.13% (3/141) arranged female workers in the posts which are forbidden by law (continuous heavy work load operation).9.93% (14/141) arranged pregnant female workers on the post forbidden by law.31.91% (45/141) and 33.33% (47/141) would deduct the time of prenatal medical examination and lactation from their working hours, respectively.39.01% (55/141) didn't afford the cost of fertility. 68.09% (96/141) had annual gynecological examination.45 factories were collected occupational examination reports, accounted for 31.91% (45/141). No female workers were found suffering from occupational disease. Of the 1865 occupational hazard factor monitoring points in 34 factories, there were 155 monitoring points, which were all noise monitoring points, did not meet the standard.
The current health-care status of female workers is not optimistic. It is necessary to consistently improve health care legislations, establish coordinated management mechanism and strengthen the publicity of policy to protect female workers.
了解北京市海淀区接触职业危害因素女职工的保健现状，加强女职工劳动保护。
采用中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心提供的调查问卷，对海淀区141家存在化学毒物、噪声、振动、微波、高频、低温等职业危害因素的工厂女职工的保健情况进行调查。
共调查141家工厂，其中国有企业53家，集体企业21家，股份制企业46家，非公有制企业21家。共调查女职工12 251人，其中10.19%（1249/12 251）接触职业危害因素。141家工厂中，16.31%（23/141）未设立劳动保护管理机构；27.66%（39/141）未对女职工进行上岗前体检；48.94%（69/141）未建立女职工经期劳动保护制度；21.28%（30/141）的单位在女职工孕期扣发部分工资，32.62%（46/141）在产褥期扣发工资；2.13%（3/141）安排女职工从事国家法律禁止的作业（连续负重作业）；9.93%（14/141）安排怀孕女职工从事国家法律禁止的作业；31.91%（45/141）、33.33%（47/141）的单位分别在工作时间上扣除女职工产前检查、哺乳时间；39.01%（55/141）的单位不负担女职工生育费用；68.09%（96/141）的单位每年进行妇科检查；45家工厂有职业健康检查报告，占31.91%（45/141）。未发现女职工患职业病。34家工厂的1865个职业危害因素监测点中，有155个监测点（均为噪声监测点）超标。
目前女职工保健现状不容乐观，需不断完善保健法规，建立协调管理机制，加强政策宣传，切实保护女职工权益。
