Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2010 Apr;19(3):414-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2009.10.005. Epub 2010 Feb 4.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the 3-dimensional (3-D) orientation of the glenoid and scapular planes. Different definitions of the glenoid plane were used and different planes measured, and we hypothesed that the 3-D plane with the least variation would be best to define the most reliable glenoid plane.
We studied 150 CT scans from nonpathological shoulders from patients between 18 and 80. The scapular plane and 5 different glenoid planes were determined: inferior, anterior, posterior, superior, and neutral. All plane versions and inclination angles were measured. Because all examinations were done in a standardized position to the coronal, sagittal, and transverse planes of the body, the scapular plane could be defined versus the coronal, sagittal, and transverse planes of the body.
The version (mean, 3.76) of the inferior glenoid plane showed a significantly lower standard deviation than the version of the anterior (P < .001), posterior (P=.001), and superior (P=.001) glenoid plane (ANOVA). For inclination all planes have a similar variance. The scapular plane was different between gender (P=.022) and correlated with age.
This study showed that the retroversion of the inferior glenoid is reasonably constant. The osseous anthropometry of the inferior glenoid can offer a reproducible point of reference to be used in prosthetic surgery of the shoulder.
本研究的目的是研究关节盂和肩胛平面的三维（3-D）方向。使用了不同的关节盂平面定义并测量了不同的平面，我们假设具有最小变化的 3-D 平面将是定义最可靠关节盂平面的最佳选择。
我们研究了 150 例来自 18 至 80 岁无病理肩部的 CT 扫描。确定了肩胛平面和 5 种不同的关节盂平面：下、前、后、上和中性。测量了所有平面版本和倾斜角度。由于所有检查均以身体的冠状、矢状和横平面标准化进行，因此可以相对于身体的冠状、矢状和横平面定义肩胛平面。
下关节盂平面的版本（平均值 3.76）的标准偏差明显低于前（P<.001）、后（P=.001）和上（P=.001）关节盂平面的版本（ANOVA）。对于所有平面的倾斜度，方差都相似。肩胛平面在性别之间存在差异（P=.022），并且与年龄相关。
本研究表明，下关节盂的后旋具有相当的稳定性。下关节盂的骨骼人类学可以为肩部假体手术提供可重复的参考点。
