Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR S968, Institut de la Vision, Department of Development, F-75012 Paris, France.
Trends Neurosci. 2010 Apr;33(4):163-72. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2010.01.004. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
Cerebellar granule cells undergo profound and rapid morphological modifications during development while they migrate from their birthplace at the surface of the cerebellar cortex to its deepest layer. Post-mitotic granule cells extend bipolar axons and sequentially use the two main modes of migration, tangential and radial, to reach their final destinations. Recent studies show that protein degradation involving key cell-cycle regulators controls granule cell axon extension. The use of knockout mice deficient in different axon-guidance molecules combined with cutting-edge imaging methods has started to shed light on the molecular mechanisms that trigger granule cell migration. These studies suggest that a major reorganization of the cytoskeleton occurs as granule cells switch from tangential to radial migration.
小脑颗粒细胞在从小脑皮层表面迁移到最深层的过程中，会发生深刻而迅速的形态改变。有丝分裂后的颗粒细胞延伸出双极轴突，并依次使用两种主要的迁移模式，即切线和放射状，到达它们的最终目的地。最近的研究表明，涉及关键细胞周期调节剂的蛋白降解控制着颗粒细胞轴突的延伸。利用缺失不同轴突导向分子的基因敲除小鼠，并结合最先进的成像方法，开始揭示触发颗粒细胞迁移的分子机制。这些研究表明，当颗粒细胞从切线迁移转变为放射状迁移时，细胞骨架会发生重大重组。
