The effects of strain and prenatal nicotine exposure on ethanol consumption by adolescent male and female rats.

Two studies of variables affecting voluntary ethanol consumption by adolescent male and female rats are reported. Sprague-Dawley (SD) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were compared in Experiment 1. Starting on postnatal day 30 all had 24-h access to 2%, then 4%, and then 6% ethanol, followed by 1-h access to the 6% until intake stabilized. During the 1-h access SHR females consumed more ethanol than all other groups. In Experiment 2, the same procedure was used to compare SD groups prenatally exposed to nicotine, with controls. Nicotine-exposed females consumed more ethanol during 1-h access than both nicotine-exposed and control males; but after using water intake as a covariate, the differences were not significant. These data show that deprivation conditions need to be considered when generalizing the results of voluntary consumption studies, and that estrogens may be a modulator of addictive behavior.