Adair Linda S
Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 2010;65:71-9; discussion 79-83. doi: 10.1159/000281146. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
Recently, concern has been raised about the potential adverse long-term consequences of rapid child growth. Rapid early childhood weight gain is associated with increased likelihood of being overweight or obese later in childhood and of having risk factors for the development of chronic disease such insulin resistance and elevated blood pressure. This has led to concerns about the wisdom of promoting catch-up growth in infants born small for gestational age or in children with poor growth after birth. In considering the costs and benefits of promoting catch-up growth, we must not lose sight of the immediate health threats to children in resource-poor environments in developing countries where child morbidity and mortality remain high. The literature on short-term consequences of growth is limited by its focus on attained size as an indicator of prior nutritional status, but generally shows that children with evidence of poor prior growth are at greater risk of morbidity and mortality from common infectious diseases, including lower respiratory infections and diarrhea. In these settings, failure to promote compensatory growth may have devastating short-term consequences.
最近，人们对儿童快速生长可能产生的长期不良后果表示担忧。幼儿期体重快速增加与儿童后期超重或肥胖的可能性增加以及患慢性病（如胰岛素抵抗和血压升高）的风险因素有关。这引发了人们对于促进小于胎龄儿出生后追赶生长或出生后生长发育不良儿童追赶生长是否明智的担忧。在考虑促进追赶生长的成本和收益时，我们绝不能忽视发展中国家资源匮乏环境中儿童面临的直接健康威胁，这些地区儿童的发病率和死亡率仍然很高。关于生长短期后果的文献因将达到的身高作为先前营养状况的指标而受到限制，但总体表明，先前生长发育不良的儿童患包括下呼吸道感染和腹泻在内的常见传染病的发病率和死亡率更高。在这些情况下，不促进代偿性生长可能会产生毁灭性的短期后果。
