National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance, and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, via Giano della Bella, 34, 00162 Rome, Italy.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2010 Aug;12(4):598-609. doi: 10.1007/s10903-010-9319-7.
In Italy, immigrants from Less Developed Countries (LDCs) have doubled every 10 years since the 1970s and this number grew to 330,000 at the end of 1981, and to more than 1,300,000 in 2001. As the presence of immigrants increases, it becomes ever more important to assess their health needs and utilisation of health services, in order to promote adequate programmes and policies. This study was aimed to compare the patterns of hospital use by immigrants from LDCs living in the Lazio Region, Italy, with those of the resident Italians. The study was based on the hospital discharge data collected by the Lazio Region Hospital Information System. Discharges of immigrants from acute hospitals in Lazio during 2005 were compared with discharges of resident Italians. Age- and sex-specific hospitalisation rates (per 1,000) were also calculated for legal immigrants and Italians aged 18 years and over. Of 56,610 foreign patients from LCDs admitted to hospitals in Lazio during 2005, 88% were legally residing in the region. The immigrants were younger than the Italians (mean age 30.6 and 51.7 years, respectively), more than half were female and single, and about 1/3 had studied for 9 or more years. Among males, a similar pattern of hospital use by age was observed for foreigners and Italians, with the rates for foreigners in acute care being higher among young people (due to traumatic accidents) and lower among the oldest. Differently, among foreign females, the admission rates for both acute and day care settings varied with women's age, the pattern of hospital use being strongly influenced by reproductive events. The main reason for hospitalisation of foreign males in acute care was injuries (approximately 1/4 of all discharges), and in day care was neoplasms; among females, more than half of the admissions were for childbirth in acute or induced abortions in day care. Injuries for males and induced abortions for females were identified as critical areas for migrants' health, in which public health interventions may be promoted.
在意大利，自 20 世纪 70 年代以来，来自欠发达国家（LDCs）的移民人数每 10 年翻一番，到 1981 年底，这一数字增长到 33 万，到 2001 年增长到 130 多万。随着移民的增加，评估他们的健康需求和利用卫生服务变得越来越重要，以便促进适当的方案和政策。本研究旨在比较居住在意大利拉齐奥地区的来自 LDC 的移民与当地意大利人的住院模式。该研究基于拉齐奥地区医院信息系统收集的住院数据。比较了 2005 年拉齐奥急性医院移民的出院情况与当地意大利人的出院情况。还为 18 岁及以上的合法移民和意大利人计算了特定年龄和性别的住院率（每 1000 人）。2005 年，来自 LDC 的 56610 名外国患者在拉齐奥的医院住院，其中 88%在该地区合法居住。移民比意大利人年轻（平均年龄分别为 30.6 岁和 51.7 岁），其中一半以上是女性和单身，约 1/3 的人学习了 9 年或更长时间。在男性中，外国人和意大利人在年龄方面的住院模式相似，年轻人（由于创伤事故）的外国人群体的住院率较高，而最年长的人群的住院率较低。不同的是，在外籍女性中，急性和日间护理的住院率因女性年龄而异，住院模式受到生殖事件的强烈影响。外国男性在急性护理中住院的主要原因是受伤（约占所有出院人数的 1/4），而在日间护理中则是肿瘤；在女性中，超过一半的入院是为了在急性或诱导性流产中分娩。男性受伤和女性诱导性流产被确定为移民健康的关键领域，可以在这些领域促进公共卫生干预措施。
