Wolf E J, Mallozzi A, Rodis J F, Egan J F, Vintzileos A M, Campbell W A
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington.
Obstet Gynecol. 1991 May;77(5):707-9.
Previous studies have presented conflicting evidence on the association between intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and placenta previa, with some groups reporting rates of IUGR as high as 16-19%. However, most of these studies failed to include a control population, included patients with other factors known to be associated with IUGR (eg, chronic hypertension, fetal anomalies, pregnancy-induced hypertension, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, etc), and/or did not confirm the patient's estimated gestational age. During the study period of January 1, 1980 through June 30, 1990, 54,969 deliveries occurred at the three affiliated hospitals of the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Division of the University of Connecticut Health Center. Review of the delivery records revealed 179 singleton pregnancies with documented placenta previa and without the above exclusion factors. One hundred seventy-one of these 179 study patients were compared with 171 women without placenta previa matched for confirmed gestational age, race, parity, and fetal sex. The incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) infants was 4.1% (seven of 171) in the study group and 5.8% (ten of 171) in the control group. Mean birth weights were 2559 and 2476 g, respectively. Neither difference was statistically significant. These results suggest that the prenatal diagnosis of an SGA fetus in a pregnancy complicated by placenta previa should not simply be attributed to abnormal placental implantation. Furthermore, routine ultrasonic examinations for growth in pregnancies complicated by placenta previa are not indicated.
以往的研究对于宫内生长受限（IUGR）与前置胎盘之间的关联给出了相互矛盾的证据，一些研究组报告的IUGR发生率高达16% - 19%。然而，这些研究大多未纳入对照人群，纳入了已知与IUGR相关的其他因素的患者（如慢性高血压、胎儿畸形、妊娠高血压、胰岛素依赖型糖尿病等），和/或未确认患者的估计孕周。在1980年1月1日至1990年6月30日的研究期间，康涅狄格大学健康中心母胎医学科的三家附属医院共发生了54,969例分娩。对分娩记录的审查发现了179例单胎妊娠，有记录显示为前置胎盘且无上述排除因素。这179例研究患者中的171例与171例无前置胎盘的女性进行了比较，这些对照女性在确认的孕周、种族、产次和胎儿性别方面相匹配。研究组中小于胎龄（SGA）婴儿的发生率为4.1%（171例中有7例），对照组为5.8%（171例中有10例）。平均出生体重分别为2559克和2476克。两者差异均无统计学意义。这些结果表明，对于合并前置胎盘的妊娠中SGA胎儿的产前诊断不应简单地归因于胎盘植入异常。此外，对于合并前置胎盘的妊娠，不建议进行常规的生长超声检查。
