Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2010 Feb;119(1):197-205. doi: 10.1037/a0017982.
The associations between shame and Cluster C personality disorders (PDs) were examined in 237 undergraduates, 35 of whom met at least subthreshold criteria for Cluster C PDs assessed using the Personality Disorder Interview-IV. Shame-proneness (the propensity to experience shame across many situations) was measured using the Test of Self-Conscious Affect-3, and shame aversion (the tendency to perceive shame as especially painful and undesirable) was measured using the Shame-Aversive Reactions Questionnaire. A go/no-go association task was used to assess the strength of implicit mental representations of the association between shame and pain, relative to that between shame and pleasure. Shame-proneness and shame aversion were associated with Cluster C PD symptoms over and above trait positive and negative affect. Further, shame-proneness was found to be associated with Cluster C PDs among individuals with high but not low levels of shame aversion. Finally, shame-pain associations were uniquely associated with dependent personality disorder.
本研究调查了 237 名大学生，其中 35 人至少符合使用人格障碍访谈-IV 评估的 Cluster C 人格障碍的阈下标准。使用自我意识情感测试-3 测量羞耻易感性（在许多情况下经历羞耻的倾向），使用羞耻回避反应问卷测量羞耻回避（将羞耻视为特别痛苦和不可取的倾向）。使用 Go/No-Go 联想任务来评估羞耻与疼痛之间的内隐心理联想相对于羞耻与愉悦之间的内隐心理联想的强度。羞耻易感性和羞耻回避与 Cluster C PD 症状相关，超出了特质正性和负性情绪的影响。此外，在高而非低羞耻回避的个体中，发现羞耻易感性与 Cluster C PD 相关。最后，羞耻与疼痛的关联与依赖性人格障碍有关。
