Guyomarc'h Pierre, Campagna-Vaillancourt Maude, Kremer Célia, Sauvageau Anny
Laboratoire de Sciences Judiciaires et de Médecine Légale, Edifice Wilfrid-Derome, 1701, Parthenais Street, 12th Floor, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H2K 3S7.
J Forensic Sci. 2010 Mar 1;55(2):423-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01310.x. Epub 2010 Feb 5.
In the discrimination of falls versus blows, the hat brim line (HBL) rule is mentioned in several textbooks as the most useful single criterion. Recent studies, however, have found that the HBL rule is only moderately valid and that its use on its own is not recommended. The purpose of this 6-year retrospective study was to find additional individually useful criteria in the distinction of falls from blows. Overall, the following criteria were found to point toward blows: more than three lacerations, laceration length of 7 cm or more, comminuted or depressed calvarial fractures, lacerations or fractures located above the HBL, left-side lateralization of lacerations or fractures, more than four facial contusions or lacerations, presence of ear lacerations, presence of facial fractures, and presence of postcranial osseous and/or visceral trauma. Based on the most discriminating criteria, a decision tree was constructed to be potentially applicable to future cases.
在区分跌倒与打击伤时，帽檐线（HBL）规则在几本教科书中被提及为最有用的单一标准。然而，最近的研究发现，HBL规则的有效性仅为中等，不建议单独使用。这项为期6年的回顾性研究的目的是找出在区分跌倒与打击伤方面其他有用的个体标准。总体而言，以下标准指向打击伤：三处以上裂伤、裂伤长度7厘米或更长、颅骨粉碎性或凹陷性骨折、HBL上方的裂伤或骨折、裂伤或骨折的左侧定位、四处以上面部挫伤或裂伤、耳部裂伤、面部骨折以及颅后骨和/或内脏创伤。基于最具区分性的标准，构建了一个决策树，可能适用于未来的病例。
