Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010 Jun;109(3):447-53. doi: 10.1007/s00421-010-1363-4. Epub 2010 Feb 9.
The effect of an adventure race (Ecomotion Pró), which lasted for 4-5 days, on neutrophil and lymphocyte death from elite athletes was investigated. Blood was collected from 11 athletes at rest and after the adventure race. The following parameters of cell death were measured in neutrophils and lymphocytes: cell membrane integrity, DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial transmembrane depolarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Phagocytosis capacity was also evaluated in neutrophils. The adventure race raised the proportion of cells with the loss of membrane integrity; lymphocytes by 14% and neutrophils by 16.4%. The proportion of lymphocytes with DNA fragmentation (2.9-fold) and mitochondrial transmembrane depolarization (1.5-fold) increased. However, these parameters did not change in neutrophils. ROS production remained unchanged in lymphocytes, whereas an increase by 2.2-fold was found in neutrophils due to the race. Despite these changes, the phagocytosis capacity did not change in neutrophils after the race. In conclusion, the Ecomotion Pró race-induced neutrophil death by necrosis (as indicated by the loss of membrane integrity) and led to lymphocyte death by apoptosis (as indicated by increase DNA fragmentation and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane).
研究了一项为期 4-5 天的探险比赛（Ecomotion Pró）对精英运动员中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞死亡的影响。从 11 名运动员在休息时和探险比赛后采集血液。测量了中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞中细胞死亡的以下参数：细胞膜完整性、DNA 片段化、线粒体跨膜去极化和活性氧物质（ROS）产生。还评估了中性粒细胞的吞噬能力。探险比赛使具有细胞膜完整性丧失的细胞比例增加；淋巴细胞增加了 14%，中性粒细胞增加了 16.4%。淋巴细胞的 DNA 片段化（增加 2.9 倍）和线粒体跨膜去极化（增加 1.5 倍）的比例增加。然而，中性粒细胞中的这些参数没有变化。ROS 产生在淋巴细胞中保持不变，而由于比赛，中性粒细胞中的 ROS 产生增加了 2.2 倍。尽管有这些变化，但比赛后中性粒细胞的吞噬能力没有变化。总之，Ecomotion Pró 比赛导致中性粒细胞坏死性死亡（如细胞膜完整性丧失所表明的那样），并导致淋巴细胞凋亡性死亡（如 DNA 片段化和线粒体膜去极化增加所表明的那样）。
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