Barzdo Maciej, Prośniak Adam, Lorkiewicz Wiesław, Słota Ewa, Prusak Beata, Berent Jarosław
Zakład Medycyny Sadowej, Katedry Medycyny Sadowej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi, ul. Sedziowska 18a, 91-304 Łódź.
Ann Acad Med Stetin. 2007;53 Suppl 2:86-90; discussion 90.
An examination of remains found on the roadside in a locality near Łódź, Poland showed them to be cranial bones. Their general appearance, and particularly the significant curvature of the vault and dimensions indicating a relatively large skull capacity showed that they could be human remains. But against that notion spoke anatomical details such as the size of the frontal sinuses, the situation of probable zygomatic appendices of the frontal bone, the texture of the interior surface, atypical in human beings, and the progression and morphology of the cranial sutures. However, a comparative analysis of animal skulls did not result in any positive conclusion. The skull fragment was judged to have a significantly different morphology, possibly the effect of developmental abnormalities or disease processes.
To resolve the uncertainty, genotyping was carried out in human-specific STR sequences, and then in STR sequences using starter sequences specific for dogs, cattle, sheep, domesticated and wild swine. But to determine decisively the species of the remains, mitochondrial DNA analysis was performed using universal starters for the PCR--a conservative, species-specific region of the mitochondrial genome was analysed.
对在波兰罗兹附近某地区路边发现的遗骸进行检查后发现，这些遗骸是颅骨。其总体外观，特别是颅骨穹窿的明显弯曲以及表明颅骨容量相对较大的尺寸表明，它们可能是人类遗骸。但一些解剖学细节却与这一观点相悖，比如额窦的大小、额骨可能的颧突位置、内表面的质地（在人类中不典型）以及颅缝的进展和形态。然而，对动物头骨的比较分析并未得出任何肯定的结论。该头骨碎片被判定具有明显不同的形态，这可能是发育异常或疾病过程的结果。
为了解决不确定性，先在人类特异性STR序列中进行基因分型，然后在使用狗、牛、羊、家养和野猪特异性起始序列的STR序列中进行基因分型。但为了决定性地确定遗骸的物种，使用PCR通用起始序列进行线粒体DNA分析——分析线粒体基因组的一个保守的、物种特异性区域。
