Komosa Marcin, Moliński Krzysztof, Godynicki Szymon
Department of Animal Anatomy, The Agricultural University of Poznań, Poland.
Zoolog Sci. 2006 Mar;23(3):289-98. doi: 10.2108/zsj.23.289.
Horses bred nowadays are characterized by high variability of the body build. The variability concerns exterior features and skeleton features. From among the skeleton parts the skull is an element influenced by selection and environmental adaptation. The aim of these investigations was to find whether cranial traits exhibit variability in relation to the body build of horses. To do this, metric parameters of skulls of 43 horses used in the investigations were analysed with various statistical techniques. On the basis of ANOVA, Principal Components Analysis and Canonical Discriminant Analysis it was found that horses of various constitutional types exhibit differences in cranial morphology. Warm blood horses of the respiratory constitutional type have more complex nasal cavity from horses of heavier body build. A meaningful effect on craniometric variability was observed in the length and breadth of the viscerocranium. Also the height of the viscerocranium--a cranial feature of the respiratory tract, showed a high discriminating power.
如今繁育的马匹具有身体结构高度可变的特点。这种变异性涉及外部特征和骨骼特征。在骨骼部分中，头骨是受选择和环境适应影响的一个元素。这些研究的目的是确定颅骨特征是否与马匹的身体结构相关。为此，使用各种统计技术分析了参与研究的43匹马的头骨的度量参数。基于方差分析、主成分分析和典型判别分析，发现不同体质类型的马匹在颅骨形态上存在差异。呼吸体质类型的温血马与体型较重的马匹相比，鼻腔更复杂。在内脏颅骨的长度和宽度上观察到对颅骨测量变异性有显著影响。此外，作为呼吸道颅骨特征的内脏颅骨高度也显示出较高的判别能力。
