Macdougall C F
Medical Teaching Centre, Warwick Medical School and University Hospital, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2010 Feb;95(1):28-32. doi: 10.1136/adc.2008.142240.
Evaluation comes in many shapes and sizes. It can be as simple and as grounded in day to day work as a clinical teacher reflecting on a lost teaching opportunity and wondering how to do it better next time or as complex, top down and politically charged as a major government led evaluation of use of teaching funds with the subtext of re-allocating them. Despite these multiple spectra of scale, perceived ownership, financial and political implications, the underlying principles of evaluation are remarkably consistent. To evaluate well, it needs to be clear who is evaluating what and why. From this will come notions of how it needs to be done to ensure the evaluation is meaningful and useful. This paper seeks to illustrate what evaluation is, why it matters, where to start if you want to do it and how to deal with evaluation that is external and imposed.
评估有多种形式和规模。它可以像临床教师反思一次错失的教学机会并思考下次如何做得更好那样简单且基于日常工作,也可以像由政府主导的对教学资金使用情况的重大评估那样复杂、自上而下且充满政治意味,这种评估还带有重新分配资金的潜台词。尽管评估在规模、感知到的所有权、财务和政治影响等方面存在多种不同情况,但评估的基本原则却显著一致。要做好评估,需要明确谁在评估什么以及为何评估。由此将产生关于如何进行评估以确保其有意义且有用的概念。本文旨在阐明评估是什么、为何重要、如果想进行评估从何处着手以及如何应对外部强加的评估。