Allergy/Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milan, Italy.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2010 Jan-Mar;23(1 Suppl):70-3.
Medical options other than antibiotics or corticosteroids for treating rhinosinusitis include non-specific treatments such as nasal decongestants, naso-sinusal washings, antihistamines, antileukotrienes, mucolytic agents, immunomodulators and immunostimulants, as well as specific agents such as antimycotics in fungal sinusitis or antireflux agents in sinusitis associated to gastroesophageal reflux. In subjects with chronic sinusitis and/or nasal polyposis related to aspirin hypersensitivity protocols of desensitization are available. The available scientific evidence is good for naso-sinus washings with saline solutions, antihistamines in acute allergic rhinosinusitis, antileukotrienes in chronic sinusitis, bacterial lysates for prevention of recurrent sinusitis, and aspirin desensitisation in subjects with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis. The other treatment options are still in search of scientific demonstration.
治疗鼻窦炎的抗生素和皮质类固醇以外的医学选择包括非特异性治疗，如鼻腔减充血剂、鼻-鼻窦冲洗、抗组胺药、抗白三烯药、黏液溶解剂、免疫调节剂和免疫刺激剂，以及真菌性鼻窦炎中的特定药物，如抗真菌药，或胃食管反流相关鼻窦炎中的抗反流药物。对于阿司匹林过敏的慢性鼻窦炎和/或鼻息肉患者，可以进行脱敏治疗。有充分的科学证据支持盐水鼻-鼻窦冲洗、急性变应性鼻炎中的抗组胺药、慢性鼻窦炎中的抗白三烯药、细菌裂解物预防复发性鼻窦炎、以及阿司匹林脱敏治疗伴慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的阿司匹林加重性呼吸道疾病。其他治疗选择仍在寻找科学证据。
