Environment Agency, Manley House, Kestrel Way, Exeter EX2 7LQ, United Kingdom.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2010;61(1-3):52-67. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.12.013. Epub 2010 Feb 11.
The contemporary inputs of total metals to the Severn Estuary and the inner Bristol Channel from land-based sources have declined over the past 25 years, with the possible exception of chromium. Coherent measurements of dissolved and suspended particulate and sedimentary metals, dissolved nutrients and master variables, including salinity, suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration, dissolved oxygen saturation and chlorophyll concentration, were made in the Severn Estuary and inner Bristol Channel during 2004 and 2005. Concentrations of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) were comparable with values reported 20 years ago but were dominated by nitrate, possibly from diffuse sources. Sediments had total metal concentrations similar to the World averages for riverine particulate material, except for Cu which had elevated values in 2004. Concentrations of suspended particulate As, Cr and Zn showed little spatial variability. Dissolved concentrations of most metals were generally below their respective environmental quality standards, although high concentrations of dissolved Cu, and possibly As, appeared to be emanting from a sedimentary source. The K(D)s for As, Cr, Cu and Zn displayed an inverse relationship with SPM concentration, whereas the K(D)s for Hg increased with SPM. The results show that there is a need for a sediment inventory of metals to account for metal release during sediment resuspension events.
在过去的 25 年中，从陆源输入到塞文河口和布里斯托尔海峡内部的总金属量有所下降，除了铬之外，其他金属都呈下降趋势。2004 年至 2005 年期间，在塞文河口和布里斯托尔海峡内部进行了溶解态和悬浮颗粒态及沉积物金属、溶解态营养盐和主要变量（包括盐度、悬浮颗粒物浓度、溶解氧饱和度和叶绿素浓度）的一致性测量。总无机氮 (TIN) 的浓度与 20 年前报告的值相当，但主要由硝酸盐组成，可能来自扩散源。沉积物中的总金属浓度与世界河流颗粒物的平均值相似，除了铜在 2004 年的含量较高。悬浮颗粒砷、铬和锌的浓度显示出很小的空间变异性。大多数金属的溶解浓度通常低于各自的环境质量标准，尽管溶解态铜和可能的砷浓度似乎来自沉积物源。砷、铬、铜和锌的 K(D)与悬浮颗粒物浓度呈反比关系，而汞的 K(D)随悬浮颗粒物浓度的增加而增加。结果表明，需要对金属沉积物进行清查，以说明在沉积物再悬浮事件中金属的释放情况。
