Services of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, España.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2010 Aug-Sep;28(7):416-20. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2009.07.014. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
Fever of intermediate duration (FID) is a common condition. Currently, its most frequent causes are not well defined.
Prospective study of FID cases attended at a hospital in 2 periods: 1983-1989 and 2004-2005. Blood cultures and serologic studies for Brucella melitensis, Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia typhi, Rickettsia conorii, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus were performed on all patients. Other microbiological, serological, radiological, or invasive procedures were performed according to clinician-in-charge criteria.
A total of 505 patients were included from 1983 to 1989, and 179 from 2004 to 2005. A diagnosis was reached in 410 (81.1%) and 109 patients (60.9%), respectively. The cause of FID was an infectious disease in 389 patients from the first period (94.8% of those with a final diagnosis) and 92 from the second (84.4%). Most were systemic infections, 328 (80%) in 1983-1989 and 74 (67.8%) in 2004-2005, followed by focal infections, 9.5% and 16.5%, respectively. Q fever was the most frequent etiology in both periods. In 2004-2005, brucellosis decreased and HIV infection emerged as a cause of FID. The origin of FID was non-infectious in 5.1% and 15.5%, respectively.
Q fever is the most frequent cause of FID in southern Spain. Studies over time are needed to identify changes in the etiologic spectrum of this condition. Important viral etiologies, such as HIV infection, may be detected as causes of FID. Further studies are needed to determine the importance of other agents as causes of FID.
中度发热（FID）是一种常见病症。目前，其最常见的病因尚未明确。
对在医院就诊的 FID 患者进行前瞻性研究，研究分为两个时期：1983-1989 年和 2004-2005 年。对所有患者进行血培养和布鲁氏菌属、柯克斯体、伤寒立克次体、康氏立克次体、巨细胞病毒和 EB 病毒的血清学研究。根据主治医生的标准进行其他微生物学、血清学、影像学或有创性检查。
1983-1989 年共纳入 505 例患者，2004-2005 年纳入 179 例。分别有 410 例（81.1%）和 109 例（60.9%）患者得出诊断。第一时期 FID 的病因是传染病，389 例（最终诊断患者的 94.8%），第二时期为传染病，92 例（84.4%）。大多数为全身性感染，第一时期 328 例（80%），第二时期 74 例（67.8%），其次为局灶性感染，分别为 9.5%和 16.5%。两个时期均以 Q 热为最常见病因。2004-2005 年，布鲁氏菌病减少，HIV 感染成为 FID 的病因。第一时期 FID 的病因是非传染性的占 5.1%，第二时期为 15.5%。
Q 热是西班牙南部 FID 最常见的病因。需要进行随时间变化的研究，以确定该病症病因谱的变化。可能会发现 HIV 感染等重要的病毒性病因是 FID 的病因。需要进一步研究以确定其他病原体作为 FID 病因的重要性。
