Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Schizophr Res. 2010 May;118(1-3):224-31. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2010.01.008. Epub 2010 Feb 13.
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) tends to replicate in the temporal cortex and can damage the limbic system. The presence of serum antibodies to HSV-1 is associated with cognitive impairment in adults with schizophrenia, suggesting that cerebral gray matter abnormalities might distinguish patient subgroups defined by HSV-1 exposure. We assessed 43 adult outpatients with schizophrenia. The assessment included clinical interviews, neurocognitive testing, anatomic brain magnetic resonance imaging and measures of serum IgG antibodies specific to herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2. We then compared 25 patients who tested positive for antibodies to HSV-1 with 15 who were seronegative for both HSV-1 and HSV-2. The seropositive patients performed significantly worse than the seronegative patients on four neuropsychological measures of psychomotor speed, executive functioning, and explicit verbal memory. Voxel-based morphometric analyses revealed that the same patients showed reduced gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate and areas of the cerebellum. Finally, performance on the test of psychomotor speed and executive functioning that showed the largest between- group effect size correlated with reduced gray matter volume in some of the same brain regions (cingulate and cerebellum) that distinguished the two HSV-1 subgroups. In these outpatients with schizophrenia, HSV-1 seropositivity and performance on a cognitive test that is highly sensitive to it co-localize to closely overlapping brain regions.
单纯疱疹病毒 1（HSV-1）倾向于在颞叶皮质中复制，并可能损害边缘系统。成人精神分裂症患者血清中存在针对 HSV-1 的抗体与认知障碍相关，这表明脑灰质异常可能区分以 HSV-1 暴露为特征的患者亚组。我们评估了 43 名成年精神分裂症门诊患者。评估包括临床访谈、神经认知测试、大脑解剖磁共振成像以及针对单纯疱疹病毒 1 和 2 的特异性 IgG 抗体的测量。然后，我们比较了 25 名 HSV-1 抗体阳性患者和 15 名 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 抗体均阴性的患者。在四个神经心理运动速度、执行功能和明确言语记忆的测量中，血清阳性患者的表现明显差于血清阴性患者。基于体素的形态测量分析显示，同一组患者在前扣带回和小脑区域的灰质体积减少。最后，在显示最大组间效应量的测试运动速度和执行功能上的表现与区分两个 HSV-1 亚组的相同大脑区域（扣带回和小脑）的灰质体积减少相关。在这些精神分裂症门诊患者中，HSV-1 血清阳性和对高度敏感的认知测试的表现与密切重叠的大脑区域共存。
