Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 218, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2010 Spring;22(2):173-81. doi: 10.1176/jnp.2010.22.2.173.
Cognitive and structural brain abnormalities are common following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The authors compared cognition and brain structure in 14 TBI survivors and 28 matched healthy comparison subjects. TBI survivors showed reduced cerebral volume, due mainly to white matter changes, and poorer attention, psychomotor speed, and memory. Severity of white matter abnormality correlated with worse performance on several cognitive measures that distinguished between groups. Using voxel-based morphometry, regions of reduced white matter concentration were found throughout the cerebrum along with more localized gray matter reductions. Findings suggest that diffuse rather than focal aspects of TBI contribute most to cognitive outcome.
颅脑损伤（TBI）后常见认知和结构脑异常。作者比较了 14 例 TBI 幸存者和 28 例匹配的健康对照组的认知和脑结构。TBI 幸存者的脑容量减少，主要是由于白质改变，以及注意力、心理运动速度和记忆力下降。白质异常的严重程度与区分两组的几个认知测试的更差表现相关。使用基于体素的形态测量法，发现大脑各处的白质浓度降低的区域，以及更局部的灰质减少。研究结果表明，TBI 的弥漫性而非局灶性方面对认知结果的影响最大。
