School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2010;73(5):355-67. doi: 10.1080/15287390903442652.
Urban air particulate matter (PM) has previously been associated with a variety of adverse health effects. It is now believed that the smallest particles, ultrafine or nanoparticles, are linked to the greatest health effects. The physicochemistry of these particles is likely to provide information regarding their toxicity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to further the understanding of the heterogeneous and changing particle concentrations in urban air, in conjunction with gaining an understanding of the physicochemistry of the particles. A Dekati electrical low-pressure impactor was used to collect the particles and real-time data in a busy traffic corridor in Swansea, Wales, over a period of 10 nonconsecutive weeks. Particle concentrations in the street canyon were analyzed and particle physicochemistries investigated using a variety of techniques. Particle number concentrations were found to vary both diurnally and from day to day in the traffic corridor. Of all particles, the nano to fine size fraction was consistently identified in the highest concentrations (maximum: 140,000 particles cm(-3)). Particle physicochemistry was found to vary as a function of size, with larger particles exhibiting a greater variety of morphologies (and consequently particle types) and associated metals.
城市空气颗粒物(PM)先前与多种不良健康影响有关。现在人们认为,最小的颗粒,即超细或纳米颗粒,与最大的健康影响有关。这些颗粒的物理化学性质可能提供有关其毒性的信息。因此,本研究的目的是进一步了解城市空气中不均匀且不断变化的颗粒浓度,并了解颗粒的物理化学性质。在威尔士斯旺西的一个繁忙交通走廊中,使用 Dekati 电低压撞击器在 10 个非连续周内收集颗粒和实时数据。分析了街道峡谷中的颗粒浓度,并使用各种技术研究了颗粒的物理化学性质。发现交通走廊中的颗粒数浓度无论是在白天还是在一天中都有昼夜变化。在所有颗粒中,纳米到细颗粒尺寸分数始终以最高浓度(最大值:140,000 个颗粒 cm(-3))存在。发现颗粒物理化学性质随粒径而变化,较大的颗粒表现出更多的形态(因此也有更多的颗粒类型)和相关金属。