Kherkheulidze M, Nemsadze K, Kavlashvili N, Kandelaki E, Adamia N
Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Pediatrics, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Georgian Med News. 2010 Jan(178):52-6.
The aim of the study was to assess nutritional status and anthropometric parameters in children aged 5-6 and to identify possible factors influencing the growth pattern of Georgian children. The cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 754 children boys and girls aged 5-6 attending preschool facilities and their main caregivers in the study sites. The study covered children population from 16 kindergartens of 2 regions (Gldani-Nadzaladevi, and Vake-Saburtalo) of Tbilisi, with different social-economical status. The following anthropometric parameters were studied--body weight, height, head and mid arm circumferences and body mass index (BMI). Physical parameters were assessed using WHO/NIH standardized growth charts (percentile and Z scores). Collected data was analyzed using the computer program EPI INFO. High weight and height (> 95 percentile/2 Z score) was found more frequently than low (< 5 percentile/-2 Z score) parameters. Most children's weight according to their stature was in normal 5-95 percentile range. At the same time in girls was often met low weigh for their stature then in boys. The imbalance between the weight and height is more evident than between weight and age or height and age. The results showed that the abnormal Z scores more or below +/-2 scores were in less percents of children then high and low weight and height by the age in percentiles. The results showed a prevalence of children having normal indices of BMI between 5 and 85 percentiles, approximately 13%of children have low weight (less than 5 percentile), approximately 18% have risk of overweight and 16% have obesity. A multivariate analysis of personal and nutritional variables with the standard nutritional indicators identified age, sex, bottle feeding, and type of solid foods as significant risk factors for stunted growth. Stunting increases with age and males have poorer growth pattern than females. The results of the study emphasize that in Tbilisi 5-6 years old child population more frequent is problem of overweight and obesity than underweight.
该研究的目的是评估5至6岁儿童的营养状况和人体测量参数，并确定影响格鲁吉亚儿童生长模式的可能因素。这项横断面研究针对的是754名年龄在5至6岁的儿童样本，这些儿童在研究地点上幼儿园，以及他们的主要照顾者。该研究涵盖了第比利斯两个地区（格拉季-纳扎拉德维和瓦克-萨布塔洛）16所幼儿园的儿童群体，这些地区社会经济状况各异。研究了以下人体测量参数——体重、身高、头围和上臂中部周长以及体重指数（BMI）。使用世界卫生组织/美国国立卫生研究院标准化生长图表（百分位数和Z分数）评估身体参数。使用计算机程序EPI INFO对收集到的数据进行分析。发现高体重和高身高（>95百分位数/2 Z分数）比低体重和低身高（<5百分位数/-2 Z分数）参数更常见。根据身高来看，大多数儿童的体重处于正常的5至95百分位数范围内。与此同时，女孩中身材矮小但体重低的情况比男孩更常见。体重与身高之间的不平衡比体重与年龄或身高与年龄之间的不平衡更为明显。结果显示，异常Z分数高于或低于+/-2分数的儿童比例低于按百分位数划分的高体重和低体重以及高身高和低身高儿童比例。结果显示，BMI指数正常在5至85百分位数之间的儿童占多数，约13%的儿童体重低（低于5百分位数），约18%有超重风险，16%患有肥胖症。对个人和营养变量与标准营养指标进行多变量分析后发现，年龄、性别、奶瓶喂养和固体食物类型是生长发育迟缓的重要风险因素。发育迟缓随着年龄增长而增加，男性的生长模式比女性更差。研究结果强调，在第比利斯，5至6岁儿童群体中超重和肥胖问题比体重不足问题更常见。
