Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 2010 Mar;42(2):589-94. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.10.004. Epub 2009 Nov 5.
With cellular phones and portable music players becoming a staple in everyday life, questions have arisen regarding the attentional deficits that might occur when such devices are used while performing other tasks. Here, we used a street-crossing task in an immersive virtual environment to test how this sort of divided attention affects pedestrian behavior when crossing a busy street. Thirty-six participants navigated through a series of unsigned intersections by walking on a manual treadmill in a virtual environment. While crossing, participants were undistracted, engaged in a hands free cell phone conversation, or listening to music on an iPod. Pedestrians were less likely to successfully cross the road when conversing on a cell phone than when listening to music, even though they took more time to initiate their crossing when conversing on a cell phone ( approximately 1.5s). This success rate difference was driven largely by failures to cross the road in the allotted trial time period (30s), suggesting that when conversing on a cell phone pedestrians are less likely to recognize and act on crossing opportunities.
随着手机和便携式音乐播放器成为日常生活的必需品，人们开始关注在执行其他任务时使用这些设备可能导致的注意力缺陷。在这里，我们使用沉浸式虚拟环境中的过街任务来测试这种分散注意力的方式如何影响行人在繁忙街道上的行为。36 名参与者在虚拟环境中通过手动跑步机行走来穿过一系列未签名的十字路口。在过马路时，参与者没有受到干扰，进行免提手机通话，或者用 iPod 听音乐。与听音乐相比，行人在打电话时成功过马路的可能性较小，尽管他们在打电话时开始过马路的时间更长（约 1.5 秒）。这种成功率差异主要是由于在规定的试验时间内未能过马路（30 秒），这表明行人在打电话时不太可能识别和利用过马路的机会。
