社交恐惧症和抑郁症：患病率和共病率。

Social phobia and depression: prevalence and comorbidity.

机构信息

Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94303, USA.

出版信息

J Psychosom Res. 2010 Mar;68(3):235-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.07.018.

DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.07.018

PMID:20159208

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Social phobia may seriously impair the functioning of affected individuals. It is frequently associated with other mental disorders.

AIMS

To estimate the co-occurrence of social phobia with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to analyze their interaction.

METHOD

Subjects were 18,980 individuals, aged 15 years or older, representative of the general population of the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Spain and Portugal, who were interviewed by telephone. DSM-IV diagnoses were made with the Sleep-EVAL system.

RESULTS

The point prevalence for social phobia was 4.4% (95% confidence interval: 4.1-4.7%) of the sample. It was higher in women (odds ratio: 1.6) and decreased with age. MDDs were found in 19.5% of participants with social phobia. Co-occurrence of another anxiety disorder was high and increased when a MDD was present (65.2%). The odds of developing a major depressive episode 2 years after the appearance of the social phobia was of 5.74.

CONCLUSIONS

Social phobia is highly prevalent in the general population. It increases the risk of developing a MDD and has a high comorbidity with other mental disorders. Social phobia is often present in the course of depression, more obviously during remission period of MDD. Physicians must explore and treat more systematically this frequent pathology.

摘要

背景

社交恐惧症可能严重影响患者的功能。它常与其他精神障碍相关。

目的

评估社交恐惧症与重度抑郁障碍（MDD）的共病情况，并分析它们的相互作用。

方法

受试者为年龄在 15 岁及以上的 18980 名英国、德国、意大利、西班牙和葡萄牙普通人群的代表性个体，通过电话进行访谈。DSM-IV 诊断采用 Sleep-EVAL 系统。

结果

社交恐惧症的时点患病率为样本的 4.4%（95%置信区间：4.1-4.7%）。女性患病率较高（优势比：1.6），且随年龄下降。社交恐惧症患者中 19.5%存在 MDD。共病另一种焦虑障碍的比例较高，当存在 MDD 时会增加（65.2%）。出现社交恐惧症后 2 年内发展为重度抑郁发作的几率为 5.74。