Utzolino S, Lämmermann L, Kaffarnik M, Makowiec F, Hopt U-T
Universitätsklinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Chirurgische Klinik, Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Hugstetterstrasse55, 79106 Freiburg, Deutschland.
Zentralbl Chir. 2010 Feb;135(1):49-53. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1247228. Epub 2010 Feb 16.
Surgical intensive care units (ICUs) have to meet the demands of caring for elective surgical patients, for surgical emergencies, and for trauma patients. To achieve this a high flexibility and a high rate of admissions and discharges are needed. ICU beds are scant and expensive, so who is to be admitted?
All admissions and dis-charges of a 20-bed surgical ICU in a university hospital within one year have been analysed.
During the analysed year 2524 patients were admitted to the surgical ICU (6.9 + or - 3.1 per day). Of 1886 planned admissions (elective surgery) only 1234 were eventually admitted, but there were 1290 additional patients admitted as emergencies. Of all realised admissions only 49 % were planned. In 653 requested but refused elective admissions, the surgery was performed with-out intensive care admission in 432 patients (64.9 %).
Half of the patients of the surgical ICU are electively surgical, half of them are emergencies. The limited number of ICU beds requires strict indications for admission. It turns out to be useful to create a category of patients in whom postoperative intensive care is desirable but not mandatory.
外科重症监护病房（ICU）必须满足护理择期手术患者、外科急症患者和创伤患者的需求。要做到这一点，需要高度的灵活性以及高入院率和出院率。ICU床位稀缺且昂贵，那么该收治谁呢？
分析了一所大学医院中一个拥有20张床位的外科ICU在一年内的所有入院和出院情况。
在分析的这一年中，2524名患者被收治入外科ICU（每天6.9±3.1名）。在1886例计划入院（择期手术）患者中，最终只有1234例入院，但有1290例额外患者作为急症入院。在所有实际入院患者中，只有49%是计划内的。在653例被要求但被拒绝的择期入院患者中，432例患者（64.9%）在未入住重症监护病房的情况下进行了手术。
外科ICU的患者中有一半是择期手术患者，另一半是急症患者。ICU床位数量有限，需要严格的入院指征。结果表明，创建一类术后需要重症监护但非必需的患者类别是有用的。
