Wladimiroff J W, Huisman T W, Stewart P A
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Hospital Dijkzigt, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991 May;17(6):1357-9. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(10)80147-0.
In 30 normal women with a singleton pregnancy, transvaginal Doppler ultrasound was used to record flow velocity at the fetal atrioventricular (AV) valve and outflow tract levels (ascending aorta and pulmonary artery) at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation. Technically acceptable flow velocity waveforms were recorded at the AV valve level in 19 fetuses and in the ascending aorta and pulmonary artery in 15 and 17 fetuses, respectively. Successful documentation of both transmitral and transtricuspid flow velocity waveforms was achieved in six fetuses only. Peak velocities during atrial contraction (A wave) were nearly twice as high as those during early diastolic filling (E wave), reflecting low ventricular compliance. Peak and time-averaged flow velocities in the outflow tract were lower than those observed in 2nd and 3rd trimester pregnancies with mean values of 32.1 +/- 5.4 (+/- SD) and 11.2 +/- 2.2 cm/s, respectively, in the ascending aorta and 29.6 +/- 5.1 and 10.8 +/- 2.1 cm/s in the pulmonary artery.
在30名单胎妊娠的正常女性中，于妊娠11至13周时使用经阴道多普勒超声记录胎儿房室（AV）瓣及流出道水平（升主动脉和肺动脉）的血流速度。在19例胎儿中记录到了技术上可接受的AV瓣水平血流速度波形，在升主动脉和肺动脉分别有15例和17例胎儿记录到了血流速度波形。仅在6例胎儿中成功记录到了二尖瓣和三尖瓣血流速度波形。心房收缩期（A波）的峰值速度几乎是舒张早期充盈期（E波）的两倍，反映出心室顺应性较低。流出道的峰值和时间平均血流速度低于孕中期和孕晚期观察到的值，升主动脉的平均值分别为32.1±5.4（±标准差）和11.2±2.2厘米/秒，肺动脉的平均值分别为29.6±5.1和10.8±2.1厘米/秒。
