Saito Mineki
Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Uehara 207, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan.
Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2010;2010:478461. doi: 10.1155/2010/478461. Epub 2010 Feb 10.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a replication-competent human retrovirus associated with two distinct types of disease only in a minority of infected individuals: the malignancy known as adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and a chronic inflammatory central nervous system disease HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Although the factors that cause these different manifestations of HTLV-1 infection are not fully understood, accumulating evidence suggests that complex virus-host interactions play an important role in determining the risk of HAM/TSP. This review focuses on the role of the immune response in controlling or limiting viral persistence in HAM/TSP patients, and the reason why some HTLV-1-infected people develop HAM/TSP whereas the majority remains asymptomatic carriers of the virus.
人类嗜T细胞病毒1型(HTLV-1)是一种具有复制能力的人类逆转录病毒,仅在少数受感染个体中引发两种不同类型的疾病:一种被称为成人T细胞白血病(ATL)的恶性肿瘤,以及一种慢性炎症性中枢神经系统疾病——HTLV-1相关脊髓病/热带痉挛性截瘫(HAM/TSP)。尽管导致HTLV-1感染出现这些不同表现的因素尚未完全明确,但越来越多的证据表明,复杂的病毒-宿主相互作用在决定HAM/TSP风险方面起着重要作用。本综述聚焦于免疫反应在控制或限制HAM/TSP患者体内病毒持续存在中的作用,以及一些HTLV-1感染者会发展为HAM/TSP而大多数人仍为该病毒无症状携带者的原因。