Voigt A, Saulez M N, Donnellan C M, Gummow B
Section of Equine Medicine, Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2009 Sep;80(3):192-8. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v80i3.201.
The most common causes of gastrointestinal colic at an equine referral hospital in South Africa were determined following retrieval of the medical records of horses admitted during a 10-year study period. The study included 935 horses of which 28% were admitted after hours. Most horses were Thoroughbreds (54%), male (57%), with a mean age of 8.2 years and originated from the Gauteng Province (81%). Heart rate (98%), mucous membrane colour (95%) and auscultation of the abdomen (91%) were the clinical data commonly obtained at admission. Packed cell volume, total serum protein and white cell count were recorded in 78%, 75% and 44% of horses respectively. Transrectal palpation (93%), nasogastric intubation (84%), intravenous catheterisation (74%) and abdominocentesis (53%) were the most frequently performed procedures. Medical intervention was performed in 558 horses (60%). The common causes of medical colic were impactions (39%), tympany (7%) and displacement of the large colon (6%). An exploratory laparotomy was performed in 331 horses (36%). The common causes of surgical colic were displacement (29%), impaction (22%) and small intestinal strangulating lesions (18%). Death occurred in 3% of horses, while euthanasia before medical intervention was performed in 4%. Overall, medical intervention was successful in 93% of horses and 67% in horses managed surgically. In conclusion, 55% of all the equine admissions responded to medical intervention and the recovery rate for horses receiving both medical and surgical intervention was comparable to that reported in other studies.
在检索了南非一家马匹转诊医院10年研究期间收治马匹的病历后，确定了胃肠道绞痛最常见的病因。该研究纳入了935匹马，其中28%是在非工作时间入院的。大多数马匹是纯种马（54%），雄性（57%），平均年龄8.2岁，来自豪登省（81%）。心率（98%）、黏膜颜色（95%）和腹部听诊（91%）是入院时常见获取的临床数据。分别有78%、75%和44%的马匹记录了血细胞比容、总血清蛋白和白细胞计数。经直肠触诊（93%）、鼻胃插管（84%）、静脉置管（74%）和腹腔穿刺术（53%）是最常进行的操作。558匹马（60%）接受了药物治疗。药物性绞痛的常见病因是阻塞（39%）、鼓胀（7%）和大结肠移位（6%）。331匹马（36%）进行了剖腹探查术。手术性绞痛的常见病因是移位（29%）、阻塞（22%）和小肠绞窄性病变（18%）。3%的马匹死亡，4%的马匹在药物治疗前实施了安乐死。总体而言，药物治疗在93%的马匹中取得成功，手术治疗在67%的马匹中取得成功。总之，所有马匹入院病例中有55%对药物治疗有反应，接受药物和手术治疗的马匹的恢复率与其他研究报告的相当。
