Ji-Hong Fan, Li-Ping Wu, Yi-Kai Li, Bo-Jin Liang, Das Manas, Xiao-Yong Fu
Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2010 Feb;33(2):125-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2009.12.002.
The purpose of this study was to investigate and measure the variable morphologies of axis vertebrae and explore the clinical significance of variations as it may pertain to clinical palpation and diagnostic imaging.
The common variable morphologies in 100 specimens of intact dry adult axis vertebrae (Chinese) were investigated and measured. The frequencies in deviation of odontoid processes, deviation of spinous processes, and presence of bifid spinous processes were observed. The distances between the apices of transverse processes and inferior articular facets were also measured.
Variable morphologies of C2 that we observed were deviation of odontoid processes (14 cases, 14.0%), deviation of spinous processes (3 cases, 3.0%), and bifid spinous processes (95 cases, 95.0%). Of the bifid spinous processes, 56 had a process on the left side equal to the right side, 21 were longer on the left, and 18 were longer on the right. The distances between apices of transverse processes and inferior articular facets in the left side of C2 were 17.67 +/- 2.47 mm, and that of the right side were 17.81 +/- 2.55 mm.
Because variable morphology of the axis is common, congenital deviation of the odontoid process, deviation of the spinous process, and asymmetrical bifid spinous processes should be taken into account during clinical palpation and diagnostic imaging.
本研究旨在调查和测量枢椎的可变形态，并探讨这些变异在临床触诊和诊断成像方面的临床意义。
对100例完整干燥的成人枢椎标本（中国人）的常见可变形态进行了调查和测量。观察齿突偏斜、棘突偏斜和棘突双裂的频率。还测量了横突尖与下关节面之间的距离。
我们观察到的C2可变形态有齿突偏斜（14例，14.0%）、棘突偏斜（3例，3.0%）和棘突双裂（95例，95.0%）。在棘突双裂中，56例左侧与右侧的突起相等，21例左侧较长，18例右侧较长。C2左侧横突尖与下关节面之间的距离为17.67±2.47mm，右侧为17.81±2.55mm。
由于枢椎的可变形态很常见，因此在临床触诊和诊断成像时应考虑齿突先天性偏斜、棘突偏斜和不对称棘突双裂。
