1963-2005 年芬兰锶-89、锶-90 沉积测量概述。

Overview of strontium-89,90 deposition measurements in Finland 1963-2005.

机构信息

Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.

出版信息

J Environ Radioact. 2010 Apr;101(4):309-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.01.004. Epub 2010 Feb 18.

DOI:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.01.004

PMID:20170992

Abstract

In Finland the deposition of strontium-89 (90Sr) and strontium-90 (90Sr) has been monitored since the early 1960s. The measured cumulative 90Sr deposition in 1963-2005 is on average 1200 Bq m(-2), of which 150 Bq m(-2) originates from the Chernobyl accident. Adding to this the deposition in 1945-1962 produces a value of 2040 Bq m(-2) for the cumulative deposition in Finland. The nuclear explosion-derived deposition up to 1985 obtained in this study, 1850 Bq m(-2), is in good agreement with the zonal 90Sr deposition of 1740 Bq m(-2) in the 60 degrees N-70 degrees N latitude band estimated by UNSCEAR. The regional deposition patterns of 89Sr and 90Sr following the Chernobyl accident resemble those of the refractory nuclides such as 239,240Pu and 95Zr. The total deposition of Chernobyl-derived 90Sr in Finland was about 5.3 x 10(13) Bq. This activity corresponds to 0.027% of the reactor core inventory and 0.66% of the atmospheric emissions from the accident. The corresponding figures for 89Sr are 4.5 x 10(14) Bq, 0.023% and 0.56%, respectively.

摘要

自 20 世纪 60 年代初以来，芬兰一直在监测锶-89（89Sr）和锶-90（90Sr）的沉降情况。1963 年至 2005 年期间测量到的累计 90Sr 沉降量平均为 1200 Bq m(-2)，其中 150 Bq m(-2)来源于切尔诺贝利事故。加上 1945 年至 1962 年的沉降量，芬兰的累计沉降量为 2040 Bq m(-2)。本研究获得的截至 1985 年的核爆沉降量为 1850 Bq m(-2)，与 UNSCEAR 估计的 60 度 N-70 度 N 纬度带内 1740 Bq m(-2)的区域 90Sr 沉降量吻合较好。切尔诺贝利事故后 89Sr 和 90Sr 的区域沉降模式与难熔核素（如 239、240Pu 和 95Zr）相似。切尔诺贝利事故导致的 90Sr 在芬兰的总沉降量约为 5.3 x 10(13) Bq。这一活度相当于反应堆堆芯库存的 0.027%和事故大气排放的 0.66%。89Sr 的相应数值分别为 4.5 x 10(14) Bq、0.023%和 0.56%。