Aguilera Antonio, Alba Jose María González, Lamas Lucía Martínez, Suárez María Luz Moldes, Galán Juan Carlos
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, España.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2010 Jan;28 Suppl 1:62-7. doi: 10.1016/S0213-005X(10)70011-2.
Viral load techniques are more and more demanded in Clinical Microbiology, regarding with transplanted patients or long time follow-up of chronic diseases as those caused by human inmunodeficiency (HIV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses. In the last 2 years, pharmaceutical companies, interested to develop more efficient and accurate methods for the diagnosis and correct viral quantification of HIV and HCV, have converged in the real time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. This process is due to the increased sensitiviy, accuracy, linearity and correct detection of genomic viral variants of real time PCR techniques, in comparison with classical molecular methods applied since the nineties of the past century. In spite real time PCR appears as the best tool for the immediate future, new questions regarding the high variability of these viruses should be considered. This could affect the correctness of viral quantifications, while being difficult to detect it because of the methodological uniformity in the clinical laboratories.
对于移植患者或慢性疾病（如由人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）引起的疾病）的长期随访，临床微生物学对病毒载量技术的需求越来越大。在过去两年中，有兴趣开发更高效、准确的HIV和HCV诊断及病毒定量方法的制药公司，都采用了实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术。这一过程是由于与自上世纪九十年代以来应用的传统分子方法相比，实时PCR技术具有更高的灵敏度、准确性、线性度以及对基因组病毒变体的正确检测能力。尽管实时PCR似乎是近期的最佳工具，但仍应考虑这些病毒高度变异性带来的新问题。这可能会影响病毒定量的正确性，而由于临床实验室方法的一致性，很难检测到这一点。
