Gaffney John, Matou-Nasri Sabine, Grau-Olivares Marta, Slevin Mark
School of Biology, Chemistry and Health Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester St., Manchester, UK M1 5GD.
Mol Biosyst. 2010 Mar;6(3):437-43. doi: 10.1039/b910552m. Epub 2009 Nov 12.
Hyaluronan (HA), a multifunctional, high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan, is a component of the majority of extracellular matrices. HA is synthesised in a unique manner by a family of hyaluronan synthases, degraded by hyaluronidases and exerts a biological effect by binding to families of cellular receptors, the hyaladhedrins. Receptor binding activates signal pathways in endothelial cells leading to proliferation, migration and differentiation collectively termed angiogenesis. HA and associated enzymes are implicated in the aetiology of cardiovascular disease and cancer and manipulation of HA expression offers a therapeutic target. HA microspheres have been developed as drug delivery agents to deliver HA to sites of disease and also in diagnosis. In this review we discuss some of the recent therapeutic applications of hyaluronan in tissue repair, as a drug delivery system and the synthesis, application and delivery of hyaluronan nanoparticles to target drugs to sites of disease.
透明质酸（HA）是一种多功能的高分子量糖胺聚糖，是大多数细胞外基质的组成成分。HA由一组透明质酸合酶以独特方式合成，由透明质酸酶降解，并通过与细胞受体家族（即黏附素）结合发挥生物学效应。受体结合激活内皮细胞中的信号通路，导致统称为血管生成的增殖、迁移和分化。HA及相关酶与心血管疾病和癌症的病因有关，对HA表达的调控提供了一个治疗靶点。HA微球已被开发为药物递送剂，用于将HA递送至疾病部位，也用于诊断。在本综述中，我们讨论了透明质酸在组织修复中的一些近期治疗应用、作为药物递送系统的应用以及透明质酸纳米颗粒的合成、应用和递送，以将药物靶向递送至疾病部位。
