Catholic Medical Center of Brooklyn and Queens, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Adv Ther. 2010 Jan;27(1):39-47. doi: 10.1007/s12325-010-0004-y. Epub 2010 Feb 19.
The purpose of this study was to compare moxifloxacin's rate of kill of susceptible and resistant Gram-positive organisms with that of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, using concentrations found in human conjunctiva after instillation of one drop.
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) isolates were exposed to moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, or ofloxacin diluted to human conjunctival concentrations achieved after instillation of one drop. These treated isolates were cultured on blood agar plates at 0, 15, 30, and 60 minutes after exposure, and incubated to observe the number of surviving colony-forming units/mL.
In susceptible S. pneumoniae, moxifloxacin showed the most rapid reduction of colonies at 15 and 30 minutes, with the fewest colonies at 60 minutes compared with ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. In S. pneumoniae resistant to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, moxifloxacin had rapid reduction in colonies at each time point and near-eradication at 60 minutes, while ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin had an increase in colonies at 60 minutes. In susceptible S. aureus, moxifloxacin had a rapid decrease in colonies at 15 and 30 minutes, compared with a slight reduction in colonies at these intervals for the other antibiotics. In methicillin-resistant S. aureus with cross-resistance to fluoroquinolones and other antibiotics, moxifloxacin had a decrease in colonies at each time point compared with an increase at each time point for ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin.
Moxifloxacin showed an increased speed of kill against both of the common susceptible Gram-positive conjunctival pathogens, compared with the inconsistency of killing activity of two other fluoroquinolones tested. In addition, at the concentration level achieved in the conjunctiva after the instillation of one drop, moxifloxacin effectively and rapidly killed resistant Gram-positive conjunctival pathogens, while ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin had no effect against these organisms.
本研究旨在比较莫西沙星、环丙沙星和氧氟沙星对敏感和耐药的革兰阳性菌的杀菌率，使用的浓度为一滴眼药水滴入后在人结膜中达到的浓度。
金黄色葡萄球菌（金黄色葡萄球菌）和肺炎链球菌（肺炎链球菌）分离株暴露于莫西沙星、环丙沙星或氧氟沙星中，稀释至一滴眼药水滴入后在人结膜中达到的浓度。这些处理过的分离株在暴露后 0、15、30 和 60 分钟时在血琼脂平板上培养，并培养以观察每毫升存活的菌落形成单位数。
在敏感的肺炎链球菌中，与环丙沙星和氧氟沙星相比，莫西沙星在 15 分钟和 30 分钟时显示出最快的菌落减少，60 分钟时菌落最少。在对环丙沙星和氧氟沙星耐药的肺炎链球菌中，莫西沙星在每个时间点的菌落减少迅速，60 分钟时几乎根除，而环丙沙星和氧氟沙星在 60 分钟时菌落增加。在敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌中，与其他抗生素相比，莫西沙星在 15 分钟和 30 分钟时菌落迅速减少。在对氟喹诺酮类药物和其他抗生素交叉耐药的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌中，与环丙沙星和氧氟沙星在每个时间点的菌落增加相比，莫西沙星的菌落减少。
与两种其他测试的氟喹诺酮类药物不一致的杀菌活性相比，莫西沙星对两种常见的敏感革兰阳性结膜病原体的杀菌速度更快。此外，在一滴眼药水滴入后在结膜中达到的浓度水平下，莫西沙星有效地迅速杀死耐药的革兰阳性结膜病原体，而环丙沙星和氧氟沙星对这些病原体没有作用。
