Division of Surgery and Perioperative Science, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden.
Acta Orthop. 2010 Feb;81(1):148-53. doi: 10.3109/17453671003628780.
Fractures are most common in youth and in the elderly, with differences in incidence over time and between regions. We present the fracture pattern in a population of youths <or= 19 years of age, who were seen at Umeå University Hospital, Sweden.
All injuries seen at the hospital have been recorded in a database since 1993. The data include variables such as age, sex, date, type of injury, mechanism of injury, and treatment. For the period 1993-2007, there were 10,203 injury events that had resulted in at least 1 fracture.
The incidence for the whole period was 201/10(4) person years. The incidence increased by 13% during the period 1998-2007, when we were able to control for registration errors. The most common fracture site was the distal forearm. The most common type of injury mechanism was falling. The peak incidence occurred at 11-12 years in girls and at 13-14 years in boys, with a male-to-female incidence ratio of 1.5. We found variations in mechanisms and activities at injury with age, and over time.
Fractures are caused by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that vary with age. We believe the increase in incidence is partly explained by changes in children's activity patterns over time. Further research may help to identify preventive measures to reduce the number of fractures, in particular those involving hospital care, surgical treatment, and-most importantly-long-term impairment.
骨折最常发生于青少年和老年人，其发病率在不同时间和不同地区存在差异。我们报告了瑞典于默奥大学医院收治的＜=19 岁青少年患者的骨折类型。
自 1993 年以来，医院所有的损伤都记录在一个数据库中。这些数据包括年龄、性别、日期、损伤类型、损伤机制和治疗等变量。1993-2007 年期间，共有 10203 例因伤至少导致 1 处骨折的损伤事件。
整个时期的发病率为 201/10(4)人年。1998-2007 年期间，发病率增加了 13%，在此期间我们能够控制登记错误。最常见的骨折部位是远侧前臂。最常见的损伤机制是跌倒。女孩的发病高峰出现在 11-12 岁，男孩出现在 13-14 岁，男女发病率比为 1.5。我们发现随着年龄的增长，损伤的机制和活动存在差异。
骨折是由内在和外在因素共同引起的，这些因素随年龄而变化。我们认为发病率的增加部分是由于儿童活动模式随时间的变化。进一步的研究可能有助于确定预防措施，以减少骨折的数量，特别是那些需要住院治疗、手术治疗和最重要的长期功能障碍的骨折。
