Institute of Soil Science, Teodora Drajzera 7, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
J Environ Qual. 2010 Feb 19;39(2):541-7. doi: 10.2134/jeq2009.0216. Print 2010 Mar-Apr.
Long-term application of P fertilizers may eventually result in excess and/or toxic accumulations of trace elements and microelements in soil. The effect of monoammonium-phosphate (MAP) on basic soil properties (pH, CEC, texture), the total content of C, N, and F, hot acid-extractable Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, Co, As, Hg, and F, and the content of extractable macro- and trace elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, F) were studied on a Stagnosol soil. Phosphate fertilizer had been applied (26, 39, and 52 kg P ha(-1)) over a 40-yr period. Phosphorus fertilization significantly decreased pH and increased clay content of the soil. Increases were detected in available P, exchangeable Al, Ca, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and clay content. The content of hot acid-extractable Pb increased, whereas the content of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-extractable Pb decreased in accordance with applied rates of MAP. The status of some hot acid-extractable trace elements (Cu, Zn, Ni, and Co) did not change after 40 yr of MAP application, whereas Hg and Cd increased. However, despite the statistically significant increases in the amounts of some potentially toxic elements, they did not accumulate to concentrations considered toxic as overall concentrations are far below the maximum allowed concentrations for natural unpolluted soils.
长期施用磷肥可能最终导致土壤中痕量和微量元素的过量和/或毒性积累。研究了磷酸一铵（MAP）对潜育土基本土壤性质（pH、CEC、质地）、C、N 和 F 的总量、热酸可提取的 Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr、Pb、Cd、Co、As、Hg 和 F 以及可提取的大量和痕量元素（P、K、Ca、Mg、Al、Fe、Zn、Cu、Ni、Pb、Cd、F）的含量的影响。在过去的 40 年中，该土壤一直施用磷肥（26、39 和 52 kg P ha(-1)）。磷肥显著降低了土壤的 pH 值并增加了粘粒含量。可利用磷、可交换铝、Ca、阳离子交换能力（CEC）和粘粒含量增加。热酸可提取的 Pb 含量增加，而与 MAP 的应用率一致，二乙三胺五乙酸可提取的 Pb 含量减少。一些热酸可提取的痕量元素（Cu、Zn、Ni 和 Co）在应用 MAP40 年后没有变化，而 Hg 和 Cd 增加。然而，尽管一些潜在有毒元素的含量有统计学上的显著增加，但它们并没有积累到被认为有毒的浓度，因为总体浓度远低于天然无污染土壤的允许最大浓度。
