Herring Matthew P, O'Connor Patrick J, Dishman Rodney K
Department of Kinesiology, Ramsey Center, The University of Georgia, 330 River Road, Athens, GA 30602-6554, USA.
Arch Intern Med. 2010 Feb 22;170(4):321-31. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.530.
Anxiety often remains unrecognized or untreated among patients with a chronic illness. Exercise training may help improve anxiety symptoms among patients. We estimated the population effect size for exercise training effects on anxiety and determined whether selected variables of theoretical or practical importance moderate the effect.
Articles published from January 1995 to August 2007 were located using the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Scientific Database, supplemented by additional searches through December 2008 of the following databases: Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science. Forty English-language articles in scholarly journals involving sedentary adults with a chronic illness were selected. They included both an anxiety outcome measured at baseline and after exercise training and random assignment to either an exercise intervention of 3 or more weeks or a comparison condition that lacked exercise. Two co-authors independently calculated the Hedges d effect sizes from studies of 2914 patients and extracted information regarding potential moderator variables. Random effects models were used to estimate sampling error and population variance for all analyses.
Compared with no treatment conditions, exercise training significantly reduced anxiety symptoms by a mean effect Delta of 0.29 (95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.36). Exercise training programs lasting no more than 12 weeks, using session durations of at least 30 minutes, and an anxiety report time frame greater than the past week resulted in the largest anxiety improvements.
Exercise training reduces anxiety symptoms among sedentary patients who have a chronic illness.
慢性病患者中的焦虑常常未被识别或未得到治疗。运动训练可能有助于改善患者的焦虑症状。我们估计了运动训练对焦虑影响的总体效应大小，并确定了具有理论或实际重要性的选定变量是否会调节该效应。
利用《美国人身体活动指南》科学数据库查找1995年1月至2007年8月发表的文章，并通过2008年12月前对以下数据库的额外检索进行补充：谷歌学术、医学索引、心理学文摘数据库、医学期刊数据库和科学引文索引。从学术期刊中选取了40篇涉及久坐不动的慢性病成年人的英文文章。这些文章既包括在基线和运动训练后测量的焦虑结果，也包括随机分配到为期3周或更长时间的运动干预组或缺乏运动的对照组。两位共同作者独立计算了2914名患者研究中的赫奇斯d效应大小，并提取了有关潜在调节变量的信息。所有分析均使用随机效应模型来估计抽样误差和总体方差。
与未治疗组相比，运动训练显著降低了焦虑症状，平均效应量差值为0.29（95%置信区间，0.23 - 0.36）。持续时间不超过12周、每次训练时长至少30分钟且焦虑报告时间范围大于过去一周的运动训练计划，焦虑改善最为显著。
运动训练可减轻患有慢性病的久坐不动患者的焦虑症状。
