Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2010 Mar;36(3):297-308. doi: 10.1177/0146167209358075.
Drawing on distinctiveness and social identity theories, the present studies tested whether minority opinion holders would have a more clearly defined sense of self than majority opinion holders. In Study 1, participants who were induced to believe that they held a minority opinion on a controversial issue had higher subsequent self-concept clarity scores than did those who were induced to believe that they held a majority opinion, controlling for self-esteem. Furthermore, the relationship between minority opinion status and self-concept clarity was strongest among participants whose opinions were highly expressive of their values (Studies 2 and 3), as well as among participants who identified strongly with the group in which they were a minority (Study 3). Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
本研究借鉴了独特性和社会认同理论，检验了少数派意见持有者是否比多数派意见持有者具有更清晰的自我意识。在研究 1 中，与那些被诱导认为自己在一个有争议的问题上持有多数派意见的参与者相比，那些被诱导认为自己持有少数派意见的参与者在随后的自我概念清晰度得分上更高，这一结果控制了自尊因素。此外，在那些意见强烈表达自身价值观的参与者中（研究 2 和 3），以及在那些强烈认同自己所处少数派群体的参与者中（研究 3），少数派意见状态和自我概念清晰度之间的关系最强。这些结果的理论和实践意义将在讨论中进行探讨。
