Center for Public Health Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-3410, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Apr;91(4):1095S-1101S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.28450D. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
The Nutrient Rich Foods (NRF) Index is a formal scoring system that ranks foods on the basis of their nutrient content. When used in conjunction with a food prices database, it can help identify foods that are both nutritious and affordable.
Our aim was to identify healthy, affordable foods and food groups by using the NRF index and US Department of Agriculture (USDA) nutrient composition and food prices data sets.
Foods in the USDA Food and Nutrition Database for Dietary Studies 1.0 were scored by using the NRF index. This NRF algorithm was represented by the sum of the percentage of the daily values of 9 nutrients to encourage (protein, fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, calcium, iron, magnesium, and potassium) minus the sum of the percentage of the maximum recommended values for 3 nutrients to limit (saturated fat, added sugar, and sodium). NRF scores and mean national food prices were calculated per calorie and per US Food and Drug Administration-defined serving.
Each of the 9 USDA food groups offered foods of diverse nutritive value and cost. Eggs, dry beans and legumes, and meat and milk products were the lowest-cost sources of protein. Milk and milk products were the lowest-cost sources of calcium, whereas vegetables and fruit were the lowest-cost sources of vitamin C. Milk, potatoes, citrus juices, cereals, and beans had more favorable overall nutrient-to-price ratios than did many vegetables and fruit. Energy-dense grains, sweets, and fats provided most of the calories but fewer nutrients per dollar.
One important application of nutrient profile models is to help consumers identify foods that provide optimal nutrition at an affordable cost.
营养丰富食品（NRF）指数是一种正式的评分系统，根据食物的营养成分对其进行排名。当与食品价格数据库结合使用时，它可以帮助确定既营养又实惠的食品。
我们的目的是使用 NRF 指数和美国农业部（USDA）营养成分和食品价格数据集来确定健康、实惠的食品和食品组。
使用 NRF 指数对美国农业部食品和营养数据库膳食研究 1.0 中的食品进行评分。该 NRF 算法由 9 种营养素的每日价值百分比之和表示，以鼓励摄入（蛋白质、纤维、维生素 A、维生素 C、维生素 E、钙、铁、镁和钾）减去 3 种营养素的最大推荐值百分比之和，以限制摄入（饱和脂肪、添加糖和钠）。NRF 得分和平均国家食品价格按每卡路里和美国食品和药物管理局定义的每份计算。
9 个美国农业部食品组中的每一组都提供了具有不同营养价值和成本的食品。鸡蛋、干豆和豆类以及肉类和奶制品是蛋白质的最低成本来源。牛奶和奶制品是钙的最低成本来源，而蔬菜和水果是维生素 C 的最低成本来源。牛奶、土豆、柑橘汁、谷物和豆类的整体营养与价格比优于许多蔬菜和水果。高能量谷物、甜食和脂肪提供了大部分卡路里，但每美元提供的营养成分较少。
营养成分模型的一个重要应用是帮助消费者确定以实惠的价格提供最佳营养的食品。
