Marcucci Peter A, Smith Steve, Gomez Manuel, Fish Joel S
Electrical Safety Authority, Department of Regulatory Affairs, Ontario, Canada.
J Burn Care Res. 2010 Mar-Apr;31(2):333-40. doi: 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181d0f5cb.
The purpose of this study was to determine the circumstances of electrical burn injuries caused by the use of multimeters among electricians and electrical apprentices in Ontario and to develop a burn prevention program to reduce them. A survey to investigate electrical injuries caused by multimeters was mailed in June 2004 to 5000 Ontario electricians and electrical apprentices. A high voltage laboratory tested the effectiveness of fused leads to reduce multimeters malfunction. The results of the survey and laboratory tests helped to implement a burn prevention program. Then, a mail fused leads multimeter exchange program was implemented, and proposals to improve the multimeters standard were made to the Canadian Standards Association. Nine hundred (18%) workers responded the survey. There were 801 (89%) electricians, 81 (9%) electrical apprentices, and 27 (3%) with other qualifications. Ninety-nine (11%) had a multimeter fail during use, and half of them suffered critical burns. Causes of the injury were operator error (59%), wrong category rating (21%), defective equipment (18%), and others (2%). More than 2000 electrical contractors acquired the new fused leads multimeters. There were no critical injuries caused by multimeters in the years 2006, 2007, and 2008 (January to August) in Ontario. Understanding the cause of electrical burn injuries by multimeters and engaging members of the integrated electrical safety system in a multifaceted prevention program were effective in reducing electrical burn injuries. Fused leads multimeters proved to be effective in preventing most common user errors and electrical burn injuries caused by multimeters.
本研究的目的是确定安大略省电工和电气学徒使用万用表时发生电烧伤的情况，并制定一项烧伤预防计划以减少此类事故。2004年6月，一项针对万用表所致电损伤的调查被邮寄给5000名安大略省的电工和电气学徒。一个高压实验室测试了熔断式表笔减少万用表故障的有效性。调查和实验室测试结果有助于实施一项烧伤预防计划。随后，实施了一项邮寄熔断式表笔万用表更换计划，并向加拿大标准协会提出了改进万用表标准的建议。900名（18%）工人回复了调查。其中有801名（89%）电工、81名（9%）电气学徒以及27名（3%）具有其他资质的人员。99名（11%）人员在使用万用表时万用表出现故障，其中一半人遭受了严重烧伤。受伤原因包括操作人员失误（59%）、类别评级错误（21%）、设备缺陷（18%）以及其他原因（2%）。2000多家电气承包商领取了新型熔断式表笔万用表。在2006年、2007年以及2008年（1月至8月），安大略省没有发生由万用表导致的严重损伤。了解万用表所致电烧伤的原因，并让综合电气安全系统的成员参与多方面的预防计划，对于减少电烧伤有效。熔断式表笔万用表被证明在预防最常见的用户错误以及万用表所致电烧伤方面是有效的。
