台湾苗栗县与台中市国小学生感染蛲虫现况。

Department of Pediatrics, Miaoli General Hospital, Miaoli, Taiwan.

J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2009 Oct;42(5):420-6.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

No epidemiological survey of the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection in Miaoli County and Taichung County has been conducted. This epidemiological survey was performed to describe the profile of E. vermicularis infection in schoolchildren in Miaoli County and Taichung County.

METHODS

The first part of this study was conducted between November 2005 and February 2006 in Miaoli County. 44,071 primary schoolchildren from 18 districts were examined by 2 consecutive-day adhesive cellophane perianal swabs to estimate the infection rate. The second part was performed between October 2006 and January 2007 in Taichung County. 24,382 primary schoolchildren from 14 districts were examined.

RESULTS

In Miaoli County, the infection rate was 2.39% (1054/44,071). The infection rate was highest in the Taian (6.69%; 20/299), Shytarn (4.49%; 11/245), and Dahu townships (3.6%; 40/1111). In Taichung County, the infection rate was 2.95% (720/24,382). The infection rate was highest in the Da-an (5.46%; 26/476) and Heping townships (4.48%; 9/201). The infection rate for a family with > or =3 children was significantly higher than that for a family with < or =2 children (p = 0.007). The frequency of washing linen and cleaning bedclothes significantly affected the infection rate of enterobiasis (p < 0.01). The efficacy rate for mebendazole was 96%, with no difference between 1 and 2 doses.

CONCLUSIONS

The number of children per family and the frequency of washing linen and cleaning bedclothes were the most important factors for transmission of pinworm infection among the groups surveyed.

背景与目的

苗栗县和台中市尚未进行过蛲虫感染流行率的流行病学调查。本项流行病学调查旨在描述苗栗县和台中市学童蛲虫感染的特征。

方法

本研究分为两个部分，第一部分于 2005 年 11 月至 2006 年 2 月在苗栗县进行。采用连续 2 天的胶纸带肛周拭子法对 18 个区的 44071 名小学生进行检查，以估计感染率。第二部分于 2006 年 10 月至 2007 年 1 月在台中市进行。采用同样的方法对 14 个区的 24382 名小学生进行检查。

结果

苗栗县的感染率为 2.39%（1054/44071）。泰安（6.69%；20/299）、狮潭（4.49%；11/245）和大湖（3.6%；40/1111）等乡镇的感染率最高。台中市的感染率为 2.95%（720/24382）。大安区（5.46%；26/476）和和平区（4.48%；9/201）等乡镇的感染率最高。有≥3 名儿童的家庭的感染率显著高于有≤2 名儿童的家庭（p=0.007）。洗涤被褥和清洁床上用品的频率显著影响蛲虫感染的发生率（p<0.01）。阿苯达唑的有效率为 96%，1 剂和 2 剂的疗效无差异。