Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 510-3, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62250, México.
Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2010;121:71-107. doi: 10.1007/10_2009_61.
Fermentative metabolism constitutes a fundamental cellular capacity for industrial biocatalysis. Escherichia coli is an important microorganism in the field of metabolic engineering for its well-known molecular characteristics and its rapid growth. It can adapt to different growth conditions and is able to grow in the presence or absence of oxygen. Through the use of metabolic pathway engineering and bioprocessing techniques, it is possible to explore the fundamental cellular properties and to exploit its capacity to be applied as industrial biocatalysts to produce a wide array of chemicals. The objective of this chapter is to review the metabolic engineering efforts carried out with E. coli by manipulating the central carbon metabolism and fermentative pathways to obtain strains that produce metabolites with high titers, such as ethanol, alanine, lactate and succinate.
发酵代谢是工业生物催化的基本细胞能力。大肠杆菌因其众所周知的分子特性和快速生长而成为代谢工程领域的重要微生物。它可以适应不同的生长条件，并且能够在有氧或无氧的情况下生长。通过使用代谢途径工程和生物加工技术，可以探索基本的细胞特性，并利用其作为工业生物催化剂的能力来生产广泛的化学品。本章的目的是通过操纵大肠杆菌的中心碳代谢和发酵途径来综述代谢工程的努力，以获得生产高浓度代谢物的菌株，如乙醇、丙氨酸、乳酸和琥珀酸。
