Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2009 Sep;44(7):681-9. doi: 10.1080/03601230903163715.
The impact of fungicides triadimefon and propiconazole on soil bacterial populations from a strawberry field was investigated. Two fungicides were applied to the soil at concentrations of 10 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg with soil water contents 20.2% (fresh soil water content) or 26.0% (field capacity). Changes in bacterial communities were assessed using DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rDNA and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was utilized to detect the residue of fungicides in soils. The results showed that propiconazole was more persistent than triadimefon in soils, and the two soil water contents did not cause significant differences in dissipation rates between the two fungicides. A high concentration of propiconazole could inhibit the existence of soil microbes while one of triadimefon might induce the microbial population in the first stage. From unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) dendrograms, the effect of triadimefon and propiconazole at the two applied concentrations on a soil bacterial community could be long term. After triadimefon was applied for 60 days and propiconazole for 75 days, the compositions of microbial communities were not recovered. From the viewpoint of environmental protection, it was of significant importance to pay more attention not only to the residues of pesticide but also to the change in soil microbial communities.
研究了杀菌剂三唑酮和丙环唑对草莓地土壤细菌种群的影响。将两种杀菌剂以 10mg/kg 或 100mg/kg 的浓度施用于土壤中，土壤含水量分别为 20.2%（新鲜土壤含水量）或 26.0%（田间持水量）。使用 DNA 提取、16S rDNA 的聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增和变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）评估细菌群落的变化。高效液相色谱法（HPLC）用于检测土壤中杀菌剂的残留量。结果表明，丙环唑在土壤中的持久性比三唑酮高，两种土壤含水量均未导致两种杀菌剂的消解速率产生显著差异。高浓度的丙环唑可能会抑制土壤微生物的存在，而三唑酮的一种可能会在第一阶段诱导微生物种群。从非加权对组平均法（UPGMA）聚类树图可以看出，三唑酮和丙环唑在两个应用浓度下对土壤细菌群落的影响可能是长期的。施药 60 天后，三唑酮和施药 75 天后，微生物群落的组成没有恢复。从环境保护的角度来看，不仅要注意农药残留，还要注意土壤微生物群落的变化，这一点非常重要。
