School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2009 Nov;44(13):1353-61. doi: 10.1080/10934520903213251.
The objective of this study was to investigate the concentration level, the mass distribution based on dust particle size, and the associated human exposure of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in indoor dust. The total concentration of 13 PBDEs Sigma(13)(BDEs) was found to be 500-6,944 ng/g in indoor dusts, 4,000 ng/g in car interior dust, 260-300 ng/g in outdoor ambient air particles, 30 ng/g in carpet fibers, and as high as 0.5% in carpet padding. Selected dust samples were fractionated based on particle size, and over 80% of the Sigma(13)BDEs were associated with particles < 150 mum in diameter. Mass ratios of BDE206/BDE209 are higher in both indoor and outdoor samples than in commercial deca products; and mass ratio BDE47/BDEs(85+99+100) was much higher in outdoor than in indoor samples. Using EPA software ProUCL, the exposure of Americans to PBDEs via hand-to-mouth transfer of house dust was estimated under the central tendency exposure and reasonable maximum exposure scenarios. The results suggest that ingestion of PBDE-laden house dust via hand-to-mouth contact is likely a significant exposure pathway, especially for children.
本研究旨在调查室内灰尘中多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）的浓度水平、基于粉尘粒径的质量分布，以及与之相关的人体暴露情况。研究发现，室内灰尘中 13 种 PBDEs 的总浓度（Sigma(13)(BDEs)）为 500-6944ng/g，车内内饰灰尘中的浓度为 4000ng/g，室外环境空气颗粒物中的浓度为 260-300ng/g，地毯纤维中的浓度为 30ng/g，而地毯衬垫中的浓度高达 0.5%。根据粒径对选定的灰尘样本进行了分级，超过 80%的 Sigma(13)BDEs 与直径小于 150 微米的颗粒有关。室内和室外样本中 BDE206/BDE209 的质量比均高于商用十溴二苯醚产品；而室外样本中 BDE47/BDEs(85+99+100)的质量比远高于室内样本。使用美国环保署软件 ProUCL，根据中心趋势暴露和合理最大暴露情景，估算了美国人通过口手接触房屋灰尘接触 PBDEs 的暴露情况。结果表明，通过口手接触含有 PBDE 的房屋灰尘摄入可能是一个重要的暴露途径，尤其是对于儿童。
