Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2009 Nov;44(13):1476-83. doi: 10.1080/10934520903217922.
Electric arc furnace (EAF) steel slag has been identified as an effective filter material for the removal of phosphorus (P) from both point and non-point sources. To determine the feasibility of land-applying P saturated EAF steel slag this study was undertaken to investigate (i) saturated EAF steel slag material's potential as a P fertilizer or soil amendment and (ii) P desorption and metals leachate from saturated EAF steel slag material to surface runoff. Medicago sativa (alfalfa) was planted in a nutrient depleted washed sand media. Phosphorus was added either as saturated EAF steel slag or as a standard commercial phosphate fertilizer in order to assess the plant availability of the P from saturated EAF steel slag. Four different P application levels were tested: a low (20 lbs acre furrow slice(-1) (5.5 g P m(-3))) two medium (40 and 60 lbs. acre f.s.(-1) (11 and 16.5 g P m(-3))) and a high (120 lbs. acre f.s.(-1) (33 g P m(-3))). The above-ground biomass of half of the plants was harvested after 5 weeks and the second half at 10 weeks. All treatments regardless of the P source used showed high rates of germination. At the first harvest period (5 weeks) significantly higher above-ground biomass (p < 0.01) was seen at the 3 highest P amendment rates in treatments with triple super phosphate fertilizer (TSP) than with EAF steel slag. However, by the second harvest (10 weeks) only the highest amendment rate of TSP showed a significantly higher amount of biomass (p < 0.01), suggesting that EAF steel slag might be an effective slow release P source. In a second experiment, a rain simulator was used to assess desorption of DRP, TP and metals from a saturated and semi-saturated EAF steel slag. The results revealed that the total amounts of DRP and TP released to surface runoff from EAF steel slag were negligible when compared to the total quantities of P retained by this material. Overall the results from this study demonstrated that once the EAF steel slag filter reaches its saturation point, the material could be re-used as soil amendment for the slow release of bioavailable P with minimal risk for loss of P to surface runoff, bringing further benefits to the environment.
电弧炉 (EAF) 钢渣已被确定为一种从点源和非点源去除磷 (P) 的有效过滤材料。为了确定饱和 EAF 钢渣施用于土地的可行性，本研究旨在调查：(i) 饱和 EAF 钢渣材料作为 P 肥料或土壤改良剂的潜力；以及 (ii) 从饱和 EAF 钢渣材料中解吸的 P 和金属浸出物到地表径流。紫花苜蓿 (苜蓿) 种植在营养贫化的水洗砂介质中。添加 P 的方式是饱和 EAF 钢渣或标准商业磷酸盐肥料，以评估饱和 EAF 钢渣中 P 的植物可利用性。测试了四种不同的 P 应用水平：低 (20 磅/英亩沟片(-1) (5.5 g P m(-3)))、中 (40 和 60 磅/英亩沟片(-1) (11 和 16.5 g P m(-3))) 和高 (120 磅/英亩沟片(-1) (33 g P m(-3)))。在 5 周后收获一半植物的地上生物量，在 10 周后收获另一半。无论使用何种 P 源，所有处理方法的发芽率都很高。在第一次收获期 (5 周)，在 TSP 处理中，用 TSP (三磷酸五钠) 的三个最高 P 改良率显著高于用 EAF 钢渣的高地上生物量 (p < 0.01)。然而，在第二次收获 (10 周) 时，只有 TSP 的最高改良率表现出显著更高的生物量 (p < 0.01)，表明 EAF 钢渣可能是一种有效的缓释 P 源。在第二个实验中，使用雨水模拟器评估饱和和半饱和 EAF 钢渣中 DRP、TP 和金属的解吸。结果表明，与这种材料保留的 P 总量相比，从 EAF 钢渣中释放到地表径流的 DRP 和 TP 总量可以忽略不计。总的来说，这项研究的结果表明，一旦 EAF 钢渣过滤器达到饱和点，该材料就可以作为土壤改良剂重新用于生物可利用 P 的缓慢释放，同时最小化 P 流失到地表径流的风险，从而为环境带来进一步的好处。
